Cytogenetic analysis of forms produced by crossing hexaploid triticale with common wheat

Abstract

Hexaploid triticales were crossed with common wheats, and the resultant froms were selected for either triticale (AD 213/5-80) or common wheat (lines 381/80, 391/80, 393/80). The cytogenetic analysis showed that all forms differ in their chromosome composition. Triticale AD 213/5-80 and wheat line 381/80 were stable forms with 2n = 6x = 42. Lines 391/80 and 393/80 were cytologically unstable. In triticale AD 213/5-80, a 2R (2D) chromosome substitution was found. Each of the three wheat lines had a chromosome formed by the translocation of the short arm of IR into the long arm of the IB chromosome. In line 381/80, this chromosome seems to be inherited from the 'Kavkaz' wheat variety. In lines 391/80 and 393/80, this chromosome apparently formed de novo since the parent forms did not have it. The karyotype of line 381/80 was found to contain rye chromosomes 4R/7R, 5R and 7R/4R. About 15% of the cells in line 391/80 contained an isochromosome for the 5R short arm and also a chromosome which arose from the translocation of the long arms of the 5D and 5R chromosomes. About one-third of the cells in the common wheat line 393/80 contained the 5R chromosome. This chromosome was normal or rearranged. Practical applications of the C-banding technique in the breeding of triticale is discussed.

Mitotic and meiotic behavior of rye chromosomes in wheat - Psathyrostachys huashanica amphiploid x triticale progeny

“…This crop is a promising genetic resource for wheat improvement due to its numerous agronomical advantages, including resistance to stripe rust, powdery mildew and several pests, cold tolerance, large spikes and grains, and high spikelet fertility (Badaev et al, 1985;Carver and Rayburn, 1994;Tyrka and Chelkowski, 2004). Much study has been conducted for the introgression of its chromosomes, chromosomal segments, or alleles into wheat by wide hybridization.…”

Transmission of the rye 2R chromosome in backcrosses of wheat-rye 2R(2D) substitution lines to common wheat varieties

“…The monosomic state of chromosomes can provoke formation of telocentrics and translocations (Lukaszewski et al, 1982;Badaev et al, 1985;Davies et al, 1985;Silkova et al, in press). It is worth noting that translocated T2R.2DL chromosomes were found in the subsequent generation of plants that were monosomic for 2R.…”

“…Plants with the 2R chromosome were selected from BC 1 F 1 (1) hybrids by cytological exami nation of meiosis slides. The chromosome sets of BC 1 F 2 and BC 1 F 1 plants were determined in mitosis slides by C banding (Badaev et al, 1985). The slides were examined with an Axiostar microscope (Zeiss).…”

Identification of an Alien Chromosome in the Bread Wheat Line Multi 6R

“…Chromosome analysis was performed in the Laboratory of Chromosome Functional Morphology (Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow) as described earlier [11].…”