Cytodiagnosis of sternocleidomastoid tumor of infancy

Abstract

Sterocleidomastoid tumor of infancy (SCMI), also known as fibromatosis colli of infancy, is a benign, self limiting disease of new born characterised by its classical history and clinical presentation of firm to hard fusiform mass in the lower and middle portion of sternocleidomastoid. SCMI often appears during early perinatal period between second to fourth weeks of life. A well recognized association between SCMI and primiparous birth, breech presentation, prolonged difficult labor and forceps deliveries is found. Cytology shows spindle shaped mature fibroblastic cells scattered singly along with degenerated and multinucleated giant muscle cells in a clean background. It is important to differentiate this lesion from different forms of infantile fibromatosis. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), as a time saving, rapid and reliable diagnostic procedure, has got bigger role to play in reassurance of anxious parents, guiding for conservative management and avoiding surgery.

Non‐malignant fibroblastic/myofibroblastic tumors in pediatric age group: Clues and pitfalls to the cytological diagnosis

“…It presents as a smooth fusiform swelling of the distal sternocleidomastoid muscle measuring less than 5 cm in length with cervico‐facial asymmetry due to its shortening . The lesion is often diagnosed clinically by its classical presentation and physical examination …”

“…1 The lesion is often diagnosed clinically by its classical presentation and physical examination. 16 Radiological imaging techniques such as ultrasonography and computed tomography are useful in the diagnosis of FC. They help in locating the tumour in the body of sternocleidomastoid muscle and also in differentiating between solid and cystic lesions.…”

Fibromatosis Colli - A Rare Cytological Diagnosis In Infantile Neck Swellings

“…It is also known as sternomastoid tumour as there is diffuse enlargement of the sternocleidomastoid muscle especially in the lower portion [1]. Its aetiology is uncertain although birth trauma is suggested as a possible cause [2].…”

Fibromatosis colli: An infant with neck swelling

“…1 It is more common on the right side of the neck, is usually unilateral, and classically manifests as a firm, non-tender neck swelling that develops during the first four weeks of life. 2,6,7 Fibromatosis colli is associated with torticollis in approximately 20% of cases, and is the most common cause of congenital muscular torticollis. 6,7 Although the pathogenesis is unclear, there is an association between fibromatosis colli and breech delivery, instrumental delivery and difficult labour.…”

“…2,6,7 Fibromatosis colli is associated with torticollis in approximately 20% of cases, and is the most common cause of congenital muscular torticollis. 6,7 Although the pathogenesis is unclear, there is an association between fibromatosis colli and breech delivery, instrumental delivery and difficult labour. It has been postulated that in a difficult delivery, compression of the neck can cause ischaemic injury or venous occlusion, leading to damaged muscle fibres that then fibrose.…”