Cytochromes P450 in the biocatalytic valorization of lignin

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals the influence of carbohydrates on lignin degradation mediated by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

“…Aromatic O -demethylation, hydroxylation, and decarboxylation are generally considered to be rate-limiting steps in the process of conversion of lignin-derived aromatics by microorganisms ( Perez et al, 2021 ). To date, two typical oxidative enzymes related to aromatic O -demethylation, that is, cytochrome P450s (P450s) and Rieske non-heme iron oxygenases (ROs), have been found to catalyze the conversion of guaiacol and 3- O -methyl-catechol to catechol, which is the key step in the lignin degradation process mediated by microorganisms ( Bleem et al, 2022 ; Wolf et al, 2022 ). In this study, gene-LUX28_RS05610 (Rieske 2Fe-2S iron–sulfur protein YhfW) and gene-LUX28_RS04020 (CYPD_BACSU Probable bifunctional P-450/NADPH-P450 reductase 1) were downregulated in group C, while gene-LUX28_RS01310 (4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase) and gene-LUX28_RS05685 (aromatic compound monooxygenase YhjG), which are considered to be catalysts for lignin-derived phenol hydroxylation ( Sucharitakul et al, 2005 ), were upregulated ( Figure 7 ).…”

Genomic insight into O-demethylation of 4-methoxybenzoate by a two-component system from Amycolatopsis magusensis KCCM40447

“…2 ). CYPs belong to this Xenobiotics metabolism category and are primarily associated with diverse metabolic activities such as inheritance transfer, drug metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and physiological metabolism in microorganisms [ [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] ]. Usually, bacteria are essential in the breakdown of polyphenolic compounds, for example, Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6 can degrade lignin-related derivatives via the protocatechuate 4,5-cleavage pathway or multiple 3- O -methylgallate catabolic pathways [ 35 ].…”

Perspectives and advances in consolidated bioprocessing strategies for lignin valorization

“…Recently, researchers have been developing more effective LDAEs to accelerate the degradation of lignin. For example, the newly discovered heme-thiolate haloperoxidases 23,88,96,97 and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are also being explored for their potential roles in the depolymerization of lignin. 9 With the identication and characterization of more ligninolytic enzymes, the mechanism of lignin depolymerization is being gradually unraveled.…”