Cytochrome P450s in algae: Bioactive natural product biosynthesis and light-driven bioproduction

Zheng, Shanmin; Guo, Jiawei; Cheng, Fangyuan; Gao, Zhengquan; Du, Lei; Meng, Chen; Li, Shengying; Zhang, Xingwang

doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2022.01.013

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The second group reduces cytochrome P450 heme iron in a manner mediated by redox partners or in a direct manner [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Light sources → Sacrificial electron donors → Photosensitizer → Heme iron Different types of photosensitizers have been used for the light-driven reduction of CYP enzymes, such as biological Photosystem I, nanomaterials, quantum dots (CdS, TiO2, and Ag nanoparticles), prosthetic group analogs (deazaflavins, isoalloxazine-type flavins), organic dyes (eosin Y), inorganic metal complexes, such as ruthenium polypyridine ([Ru(bpy)3] 2+ ), zinc porphyrin, and their derivatives [19,20].…”

Section: Light-driven Cyp Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alternative Electron Sources for Cytochrome P450s Catalytic Cycle: Biosensing and Biosynthetic Application

et al. 2023

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The functional significance of cytochrome P450s (CYP) enzymes is their ability to catalyze the biotransformation of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. P450 enzymes catalyze regio- and stereoselective oxidations of C-C and C-H bonds in the presence of oxygen as a cosubstrate. Initiation of cytochrome P450 catalytic cycle needs an electron donor (NADPH, NADH cofactor) in nature or alternative artificial electron donors such as electrodes, peroxides, photo reduction, and construction of enzymatic “galvanic couple”. In our review paper, we described alternative “handmade” electron sources to support cytochrome P450 catalysis. Physical-chemical methods in relation to biomolecules are possible to convert from laboratory to industry and construct P450-bioreactors for practical application. We analyzed electrochemical reactions using modified electrodes as electron donors. Electrode/P450 systems are the most analyzed in terms of the mechanisms underlying P450-catalyzed reactions. Comparative analysis of flat 2D and nanopore 3D electrode modifiers is discussed. Solar-powered photobiocatalysis for CYP systems with photocurrents providing electrons to heme iron of CYP and photoelectrochemical biosensors are also promising alternative light-driven systems. Several examples of artificial “galvanic element” construction using Zn as an electron source for the reduction of Fe3+ ion of heme demonstrated potential application. The characteristics, performance, and potential applications of P450 electrochemical systems are also discussed.

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Section: Light-driven Cyp Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photosensitizers can be divided into two groups, the first group reduces dioxygen leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide, mainly). The second group reduces cytochrome P450 heme iron in a manner mediated by redox partners or in a direct manner [21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Light-driven Cyp Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Electron Sources for Cytochrome P450s Catalytic Cycle: Biosensing and Biosynthetic Application

et al. 2023

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“…Photosystem II demonstrates efficient absorption of solar energy, facilitating the photolysis of water molecules and generating electrons for downstream metabolic pathways during photosynthesis (Barber, 2016 ). In microalgae, the total cellular biosynthetic electron demand is significantly lower than the produced electrons (Santos‐Merino et al., 2021 ), suggesting that the surplus solar energy could theoretically be harnessed further by introducing heterogeneous catalytic elements (Zheng et al., 2022 ). These elements, provided they can interact with the photosystem proteins to acquire electrons, may leverage the excessively absorbed solar energy.…”

Section: Challenges Of Introducing P450s Into Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atrazine, a widely employed pesticide globally, has gained recognition as a substantial environmental pollutant (Hayes et al., 2010 ). Mammalian P450 CYP1A1 has been shown to effectively convert atrazine into deisopropylated and de‐ethylated products, both in vitro and in vivo (Kawahigashi et al., 2005 ; Zheng et al., 2022 ). The expression of CYP1A1 from Rattus norvegicus (brown rat) in the cyanobacteria Synechococcus sp.…”

Section: Introducing P450s Into Microalgae: Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical removal from wastewater by introducing cytochrome P450s into microalgae

Kariyawasam,

Helvig,

Petkovich

et al. 2024

Microbial Biotechnology

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Pharmaceuticals are of increasing environmental concern as they emerge and accumulate in surface‐ and groundwater systems around the world, endangering the overall health of aquatic ecosystems. Municipal wastewater discharge is a significant vector for pharmaceuticals and their metabolites to enter surface waters as humans incompletely absorb prescription drugs and excrete up to 50% into wastewater, which are subsequently incompletely removed during wastewater treatment. Microalgae present a promising target for improving wastewater treatment due to their ability to remove some pollutants efficiently. However, their inherent metabolic pathways limit their capacity to degrade more recalcitrant organic compounds such as pharmaceuticals. The human liver employs enzymes to break down and absorb drugs, and these enzymes are extensively researched during drug development, meaning the cytochrome P450 enzymes responsible for metabolizing each approved drug are well studied. Thus, unlocking or increasing cytochrome P450 expression in endogenous wastewater microalgae could be a cost‐effective strategy to reduce pharmaceutical loads in effluents. Here, we discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with introducing cytochrome P450 enzymes into microalgae. We anticipate that cytochrome P450‐engineered microalgae can serve as a new drug removal method and a sustainable solution that can upgrade wastewater treatment facilities to function as “mega livers”.

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“…Macrolide antibiotics, such as clarithromycin azithromycin and dirithromycin, can inhibit P450 enzymes by the complexation of macrolides and P450 enzymes, and damage the photosystem II (Westphal, 2000;Almeida et al, 2021). These enzymes play an important role in maintaining the substrate-and energy-cycles of microalgae (Hausjell et al, 2018;Zheng et al, 2022). This inhibitory effect can be enhanced when CLA concentration increases.…”

Section: Effect Of Omps On Microalgal Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae-based technology for wastewater treatment: exploring organic micropollutants removal

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Organic micropollutants (OMPs) need to be removed from wastewater as they can negatively affect aquatic organisms. It has been demonstrated that microalgae-based technologies are efficient in removing OMPs from wastewater. In this study, the removal processes and kinetics of six persistent OMPs (diclofenac, clarithromycin, benzotriazole, metoprolol, carbamazepine and mecoprop) were studied during cultivation of Scenedesmus obliquus in batch mode. These OMPs were added as individual compounds and in a mixture. The short experiments (8 days) were designed to avoid masking of OMPs removal processes by light and nutrient limitation. The results show that diclofenac, clarithromycin, and benzotriazole were mainly removed by photodegradation (diclofenac), biodegradation (benzotriazole), or a combination of the two processes (clarithromycin). Peroxidase was involved in intracellular and extracellular biodegradation when benzotriazole was present as individual compound. Carbamazepine, metoprolol and mecoprop showed no significant biodegradation or photodegradation, and neglectable removal (<5%) by bioadsorption and bioaccumulation. The mixture of OMPs had an adverse effect on the photodegradation of clarithromycin and diclofenac, with reduced first-order kinetic constants compared to the individual compounds. Benzotriazole biodegradation was inhibited by the presence of the mixture of OMPs. This indicates that the presence of the OMPs inhibits the photodegradation and biodegradation of some individual OMPs. These results will improve our understanding on the removal processes of individual and mixtures of OMPs by microalgae-based technologies for wastewater treatment.

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Cytochrome P450s in algae: Bioactive natural product biosynthesis and light-driven bioproduction

Cited by 10 publications

References 110 publications

Alternative Electron Sources for Cytochrome P450s Catalytic Cycle: Biosensing and Biosynthetic Application

Alternative Electron Sources for Cytochrome P450s Catalytic Cycle: Biosensing and Biosynthetic Application

Pharmaceutical removal from wastewater by introducing cytochrome P450s into microalgae

Microalgae-based technology for wastewater treatment: exploring organic micropollutants removal

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