Cytochrome P450 CYP2B6*6 distribution among Congolese individuals with HIV, Tuberculosis and Malaria infection

Abstract

A total of 418 patients with HIV-1 mono-infection, HIV-1 and Tuberculosis coinfection and symptomatic P. falciparum malaria were genotyped for the CYP2B6 c.516G>T SNP using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). The allele frequencies and genotype distributions were determined. Results: The CYP2B6 c.516G>T was successfully analysed in 69% (288/418) of the study participants. Among the investigated individuals, the distribution of the major allele CYP2B6*G was 45% and the minor CYP2B6*T allele was 55%. Significant differences in genotype distribution were also observed among the studied individuals. The CYP2B6*GG (rapid metabolizer) genotype was observed in 17% (49/288) followed by CYP2B6*GT (intermediate metabolizer) 55% (159/288) and CYP2B6*TT (poor metabolizers) 28% (80/ 288). Conclusion: This study contributes to increasing understanding on population pharmacogenetics and may help policy makers regulate treatment guidelines in the Congolese population with a high burden of HIV, Malaria and TB.

Pharmacogenetic and drug interaction aspects on ketamine safety in its use as antidepressant ‐ implications for precision dosing in a global perspective

“…Notably, there is intraethnic variability in the occurrence of CYP2B6 polymorphisms in a given population. For instance, the frequency of CYP2B6*9 varies from 20% in South African Xhosa, 25% in the Congolese to 37% in the Cameroonian population 124–126 . Meanwhile, CYP2B6*6 varies from 22% in the Tswana of Botswana, 34% in the Kenya Kikuyu to 42% in the Nigerian Yoruba population 127,128 .…”

Barriers to Implementing Clinical Pharmacogenetics Testing in Sub-Saharan Africa. A Critical Review

“…Several clinical studies on African populations ( Table 1 ) have demonstrated the potential for PGx testing and dose adjustments in HIV patients receiving Efavirenz [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 41 , 42 ]. Other clinical studies have identified PGx biomarkers for African patients receiving rosuvastatin [ 43 ], imatinib [ 44 ], anti-retroviral (ARV) therapy, TB, and antimalarial comedication [ 25 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Importantly, a clinical study has demonstrated associations between genetic variants and clinical responses among Hepatitis C virus-infected patients from SSA and Europe treated with pegylated interferon-alpha/ribavirin [ 48 ].…”

Cytochrome P450 2B6 6 distribution among Burkinabè population

“…In Europe, the distribution is G: 76.8%, T: 23.2%, in the United States of America it is G: 63.8%, T: 36.2% and in Africa, which has the highest prevalence of the polymorphism, it is G: 65%, T: 35% (Scibona et al, 2015). The prevalence of TT genotype of Burkinabe population was 18%, which is different of its frequency in congolese population (28%) (Peko et al, 2019). The South African study revealed the prevalence of the allelic variant CYP2B6 TT (poor metabolisers) to be 23% amongst their study population (Gounden et al, 2010).…”

“…The function of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, one of the major catalysts in drug metabolism, is significantly influenced by genetic polymorphisms leading to substantial inter-individual variability in drug response and/ or adverse reactions activity (Adzu et al, 2014;Eziah et al, 2016;Peko et al, 2019;Oseni et al, 2019;Hashemi-Soteh et al , 2021;Mango et al, 2022). Although human CYP2B6 constitutes only 1-4% of hepatic CYP protein content, it is responsible for the metabolism of some clinically important drugs, including the antidepressant bupropion, the antiretroviral efavirenz, the anticancer cyclophosphamide, the analgesic ketamine and methadone1-4.…”