CYTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE BY THE USE OF A NEW p-NITROPHENYL SUBSTITUTED DITETRAZOLE

Nachlas, Marvin M.; Tsou, K. C.; Souza, Eleane Monaliza de Cerqueira de; Cui, Cheng; Seligman, Arnold M.

doi:10.1177/5.4.420

Cited by 1,644 publications

(320 citation statements)

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“…In The muscle sections were also stained with succinate dehydrogenase (38) for subsequent characterization of mitochondrial enzyme activities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant expression of myosin isoforms in skeletal muscles from mice lacking therev-erbAαorphan receptor gene

Pircher¹,

Chomez²,

Yu³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Aberrant expression of myosin isoforms in skeletal muscles from mice lacking the rev-erbA␣ orphan receptor gene. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 288: R482-R490, 2005. First published September 16, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00690.2003.-The rev-erbA␣ orphan protein belongs to the steroid nuclear receptor superfamily. No ligand has been identified for this protein, and little is known of its function in development or physiology. In this study, we focus on 1) the distribution of the rev-erbA␣ protein in adult fast-and slow-twitch skeletal muscles and muscle fibers and 2) how the rev-erbA␣ protein influences myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression in mice heterozygous (ϩ/Ϫ) and homozygous (Ϫ/Ϫ) for a rev-erbA␣ protein null allele. In the fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus muscle, rev-erbA␣ protein expression was linked to muscle fiber type; however, MyHC isoform expression did not differ between wild-type, ϩ/Ϫ, or Ϫ/Ϫ mice. In the slow-twitch soleus muscle, the link between rev-erbA␣ protein and MyHC isoform expression was more complex than in the extensor digitorum longus. Here, a significantly higher relative amount of the ␤/slow (type I) MyHC isoform was observed in both rev-erbA␣ Ϫ/Ϫ and ϩ/Ϫ mice vs. that shown in wild-type controls. A role for the ratio of thyroid hormone receptor proteins ␣ 1 to ␣2 in modulating MyHC isoform expression can be ruled out because no differences were seen in MyHC isoform expression between thyroid hormone receptor ␣ 2-deficient mice (heterozygous and homozygous) and wild-type mice. Therefore, our data are compatible with the rev-erbA␣ protein playing an important role in the regulation of skeletal muscle MyHC isoform expression. orphan nuclear receptors; thyroid hormone; fast-and slow-twitch muscle THE VARIABLE EXPRESSION OF myofibrillar protein isoforms is a major determinant of the contractile properties and ATPase activities of skeletal and myocardial fibers (3, 50). The myosin heavy chain (MyHC) molecule is the most abundant myofibrillar protein and is encoded by a multigene family consisting of several members (35). Several isoforms have now been described in rodent skeletal muscles, including one slow isoform (type I or ␤/slow), three fast (IIa, IIx/d, and IIb), and two developmental (embryonic and neonatal/perinatal/fetal) isoforms, which are all coded by distinct genes (50). Four other MyHC isoforms, slow tonic, superfast IIm, ␣-cardiac-like, and extraocular myosin, are expressed in a few specialized muscles (7, 50). Despite their similarity in primary structure, the expression of different MyHC isoforms is precisely regulated in a tissue-specific and developmental stage-specific manner (50, 52). In addition, innervation patterns (33, 45, 46), altered physiological stimuli (34, 46), and various hormones (19) are known to have a significant impact on MyHC isoform expression.Skeletal muscle is a major target for hormone action. Thyroid hormone is one of the most potent regulators of skeletal muscle MyHC isoform expression in mammals, and it has been suggested...

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“…In The muscle sections were also stained with succinate dehydrogenase (38) for subsequent characterization of mitochondrial enzyme activities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant expression of myosin isoforms in skeletal muscles from mice lacking therev-erbAαorphan receptor gene

Pircher¹,

Chomez²,

Yu³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Several fragments were isolated from a fiber end, and torn apart longitudinally. Then they were placed on a cover glass with the intact cell membrane facing the glass surface, and stained histochemically (myofibrillar actomyosin ATPase, pre-incubation pH 4.3 or 10.4 (GUTH and SAMAHA, 1970), and SDH (NACHLAS et al, 1957)) in order to classify the fiber type into three classes: 1) slow-twitch oxidative (S0); 2) fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic (FOG); or 3) fast-twitch glycolytic (FG) fiber according to the method of PETER et al (1972). SO fibers were mainly dissected from the SOL muscle, and FOG and FG fibers were mainly dissected from EDL muscles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural and metabolic profiles on single muscle fibers of different types after hindlimb suspension in rats.

Takekura

Yoshioka

1989

Jpn.J.Physiol

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Abstracts The relationships between ultrastructural and metabolic profiles in different types of single muscle fiber after hindlimb suspension in rats were examined. Glycolytic (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH; phosphofructokinase, PFK) and oxidative (succinate dehydrogenase, SDH; malate dehydrogenase, MDH) enzyme activities in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus (SOL) muscles were measured. Relative mitochondrial and lipid droplet volumes were also measured in single muscle fiber of different types. Glycolytic enzyme activity in EDL muscle and oxidative enzyme activity in soleus muscle decreased following suspension for 2 weeks. LDH and PFK activities in fast-twitch (FG, fast-twitch glycolytic; FOG, fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic) fibers and oxidative enzymes in FOG and FG fibers decreased following suspension. Relative mitochondrial volume decreased significantly in all types (SO, slow-twitch oxidative; FOG, and FG) of fibers following suspension. The mitochondrial volume in SO fiber of the control group was significantly (p <0.01) higher than that of suspended group; however, SDH and MDH activities were not different between the control and suspended groups. The structural and metabolic changes following hindlimb suspension were influenced by different factors, respectively. Changes in ultrastructural and metabolic profiles in response to the hindlimb suspension differed according to the type of fibers.

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“…In addition, the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), an enzyme located on the inner mitochondrial membrane whose activity is used as a marker for oxidative capacity since it correlates with the total amount of mitochondria in a cell, was also determined based on an analysis of 10 mm sections ( Figure 1D). 25 For the histochemical analyses, the deep portion was estimated in the M. gastrocnemius and the muscle core was estimated in the M. soleus and plantaris. Then muscle fibre composition was determined by evaluating more than 600 fibres in each section.…”

Section: Muscle Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary obesity-resistance and muscle oxidative enzyme activities of the fast-twitch fibre dominant rat

Suwa

Kumagai

Higaki³

et al. 2002

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVES:To clarify whether the muscle fibre composition and=or muscle oxidative enzyme activity are related to dietary body weight gain and abdominal fat accumulation. METHODS: Genetically fast-twitch fibre dominant rats (FFDR) and control rats (CR) were divided into low-fat (20% of energy from fat) or high-fat (60% of energy from fat) diet groups: CR with a low-fat diet (CL); CR with a high-fat diet (CH); FFDR with a low-fat diet (FL); and FFDR with a high-fat diet (FH). After 6 weeks of following such diets, the body weight gain, abdominal fat content, food intake, muscle fibre composition and oxidative enzyme activities were estimated. RESULTS: The total body weight gain in CH was from 18 to 62% higher than in the other groups (P < 0.05) and percentage abdominal fat in CH was also from 26 to 61% higher than in the other groups (P < 0.05), while the energy intake did not differ among the groups. The percentage of type IIX fibres of M. gastrocnemius in FL (33.4%) and FH (36.3%) were higher than in CL (16.8%) and CH (19.8%; P < 0.05), and the type IIA fibres of M. soleus in FL (14.1%) and FH (11.8%) were higher than in CL (2.0%) and CH (3.5%; P < 0.05). The citrate synthase (CS) activity of of M. plantaris in FL and FH were higher than CL (46 and 54%, respectively, P < 0.05). b-Hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) activity in FL and FH were higher than in CL (21 and 31%, respectively, P < 0.05) and that in FH was higher than CH (23%, P < 0.05). On the other hand, the enzyme activities of M. gastrocnemius and soleus were identical among the groups. CONCLUSION: The FFDR was more obesity-resistant than the CR after a high-fat diet. These results suggest that the muscle oxidative capacity rather than muscle fibre composition is a possible determinant of obesity.

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CYTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE BY THE USE OF A NEW p-NITROPHENYL SUBSTITUTED DITETRAZOLE

Cited by 1,644 publications

References 0 publications

Aberrant expression of myosin isoforms in skeletal muscles from mice lacking therev-erbAαorphan receptor gene

Aberrant expression of myosin isoforms in skeletal muscles from mice lacking therev-erbAαorphan receptor gene

Ultrastructural and metabolic profiles on single muscle fibers of different types after hindlimb suspension in rats.

Dietary obesity-resistance and muscle oxidative enzyme activities of the fast-twitch fibre dominant rat

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