Cytochemical Demonstration of Actin Filaments in Myoepithelial Cells of the Human Parotid Gland

Yoshihara, Toshio; Kanda, Takashi; Nagata, Hiroshi; Nomoto, Minoru; Kaneko, Toshio; Kato, Yuichi; Yaku, Yuji

doi:10.1159/000146594

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These resemble the thick filaments of smooth muscle in location and orientation (Bois, 1973). However, similar filaments in MEC have been determined to be about 10 nm thick (Garrett and Emmelin, 1979;Yoshihara et al, 1988;Young and van Lennep, 19771, and thus also are intermediate, not thick, filaments. They are not tonofilaments emanating from desmosomes, as these are more dense, and seldom parallel the microfilaments (Figs.…”

Section: Mecmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Heavy meromyosin (HMM) also binds to actin, forming an arrowhead pattern on sufficiently long and straight stretches of filaments (Ishikawa et al, 1969). HMM has been shown to bind to thin (actin), but not intermediate, filaments of MEC in human parotid gland (Yoshihara et al, 1988). The arrowheads point in opposite directions in neighboring filaments in the long axes of processes, as in smooth muscle (Bois, 1973), so that contraction (assuming myosin is involved) would be expected to draw the ends of the processes toward one another.…”

Section: Dyes and Stains Selective For Actin And Myosinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myoepithelium of salivary glands

Redman¹

1994

Microscopy Res & Technique

152

146

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In salivary glands and other exocrine organs, there are starfish-shaped cells that lie between the basal lamina and the acinar and ductal cells. These have structural features of both epithelium and smooth muscle cells, and so are called myoepithelial cells. Their functions include contraction when the gland is stimulated to secrete, compressing or reinforcing the underlying parenchymal cells, thus aiding in the expulsion of saliva and preventing damage to the other cells. They also may aid in the propagation of secretory and other stimuli. Their common developmental origin with the basal cells of the larger ducts is displayed in the mature glands by shared structural and immunohistochemical features, but most such basal cells do not have the distinguishing features of myoepithelial cells, such as myofibrils. Although myoepithelial cells can be identified by light microscopy through enzyme histochemistry and special stains and immunohistochemistry for their myofibrils, these techniques can be misleading in salivary gland neoplasms. Thus, the most reliable means of identifying neoplastic myoepithelial cells is with a combination of histochemistry and electron microscopy. The extent to which these cells are derived from undifferentiated stem cells in both normal and neoplastic growth is controversial. The presentation here of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of well-differentiated myoepithelial cells in mitotic division indicates that stem cells are not necessarily the only source of myoepithelial cells in the later stages of salivary gland development or in neoplasia.

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Section: Mecmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Dyes and Stains Selective For Actin And Myosinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myoepithelium of salivary glands

Redman¹

1994

Microscopy Res & Technique

152

146

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“…The use of antikeratin antibodies to identify myoepithelial cells probably is similarly flawed, because various antibodies of this type label basal cells of stratified epithelia, irrespective of the source of this tissue (Pallesen et al, 1987;Maeda and Sueishi, 1989); the labeling of basal cells in tissues such as stratified squamous epithelium that clearly lack myoepithelial components makes evident the unreliability of keratin staining as a label for myoepithelium. When all is said and done, the best marker for myoepithelial cells remains actin (Archer and Kao, 1968;Drenckhahn et al, 1977;Yoshihara et al, 1988;Norberg et al, 1992). Using an antiactin antibody, Nilsen and Donath (1981) found a few positive cuboidal cells in the "larger" ducts of the human submandibular and parotid glands, but Gugliotta et al (1988) failed to stain basal cells in EDs of several different human salivary glands with a similar antibody, although myoepithelial cells associated with endpieces and intercalated ducts were positive.…”

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confidence: 99%

Interlobular excretory ducts of mammalian salivary glands: Structural and histochemical review

2006

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In the major salivary glands of mammals, excretory ducts (EDs) succeed striated ducts. They are for the most part interlobular in position, although their proximal portions sometimes are on the periphery of a lobule, where they occasionally retain some of the structural features of striated ducts. Based on a survey of a broad range of mammalian species and glands, the predominant tissue type that composes EDs is pseudostratified epithelium. In some species, there is a progression of epithelial types: the proximal EDs are composed of simple cuboidal or columnar epithelium that, in the excurrent direction, usually gives way to the pseudostratified variety. Secretory granules are visible in the apical cytoplasm of the principal cells of the EDs of only a few species, but histochemistry has shown the presence of a variety of glycoproteins in these cells in a spectrum of species. Moreover, the latter methodology has revealed the presence of a variety of oxidative, acid hydrolytic, and transport enzymes in the EDs, showing that, rather than simply acting as a conduit for saliva, these ducts play a metabolically active role in gland function. It is difficult to describe a "typical" mammalian ED because it can vary along its length and interspecific variation does not follow a phylogenetic pattern. Moreover, in contrast to intercalated and striated ducts, ED cellular features do not exhibit a relationship to diet. Anat Rec Part A 288A: 498 -526, 2006.

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“…, 1989), in the cytosol and in cytoplasmic filaments. The cytoplasmic filaments are further classified as cytokeratins (Palmer et al, 1985, Hori et al, 1985, Sonnenberg et al, 1986, Caselitz et al., 1986 and myofilaments (Kazantseva and Karelina, 1984, Gugliotta et al, 1988, Yoshihara et al, 1988 Warburton et al , 1989, Gustafsson et al , 1989). As mentioned above, several methods have been introduced to try to identify myoepithelial cells specifically.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 1989), in the cytosol and in cytoplasmic filaments. The cytoplasmic filaments are further classified as cytokeratins (Palmer et al, 1985, Hori et al, 1985, Sonnenberg et al, 1986, Caselitz et al, 1986) and myofilaments (Kazantseva and Karelina, 1984, Gugliotta et al, 1988, Yoshihara et al, 1988 Tissues: Specimens of normal human parotid and submandibular glands were provided by Dr. A. Riva, University of Cagliari, Italy and were from the Surgical Pathology file of The Hospital of Nagasaki University School of Dentistry. Surgical specimens were fixed in 0.12% glutaraldehyde-1.007o paraformaldehyde and embedded in LR White resin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Distribution of a Carbohydrate Epitope (Y) on Human Salivary Gland Cell Membranes

Takano

Malamud

Hand

1992

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica

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Summary: Monoclonal antibody 303 (mAb 303) reacts with the high molecular weight agglutinin present in human saliva. Its reactivity is periodate sensitive, and it has been shown to recognize the Y epitope. Immunogold labeling of thin sections of human parotid and submandibular glands with mAb 303 showed reactivity in secretory granules of serous acinar, intercalated and striated duct cells (Takano et al., 1988). We now report that the apical and basolateral membranes of salivary acinar and duct cells are labeled by mAb 303, but not myoepithelial cells, endothelial cells and other mesenchymal cells. Gold particles were confined to acinar and duct cell membranes even when myoepithelial cells were directly adjacent, suggesting that the epitope resides on a membrane glycoprotein and that the label does not represent secreted agglutinin bound to the cell surface. Although myoepithelial cells are thought to differentiate from epithelial stem cells, the present results indicate that substantial compositional differences exist between the membranes of myoepithelial cells and other salivary parenchymal cells. Earlier studies also showed that mAb 303 labels normal pancreatic acinar cells and certain salivary (pleomorphic adenoma) and mammary (lactating adenoma) tumors (Bogert et al., 1988). This antibody thus may be a useful reagent for characterizing the origin of exocrine gland-derived cell cultures and neoplastic cells. Further, localization studies may provide insight into the role of the Lewis blood group-related epitope in secretory cells.The origin of myoepithelial cells (MECs) in the normal salivary glands is still under investigation. MECs are a prominent component of a number of neoplasms of developing epithelial cells. Therefore, MECs are thought to differentiate from epithelial stem cells. However, MECs resemble smooth muscle cells by electron microscopy and cytochemistry, and also are considered to have a contractile function. In developing hamster submandibular gland, four cell types can be recognized by electron microscopy in the terminal tubule at 131/2 days of gestation (Chaudhry et al., 1983). One of these cell types represents the initial identifiable myoepithelial cell precursors. The cells of this type are distributed between the basal lamina and other cells of the terminal tubules. However, cytoplasmic filaments, which are the dominant characteristic of the myoepithelium could not be seen in their cytoplasm. Therefore, MECs are difficult to distinguish ultrastructurally from other epithelial stem cells during the early stages of gland differentiation. In early studies, MECs were identified by histochemical reactions, such as reactions for alkaline phosphatase (Dempsey et al., 1947, Leeson, 1956, Bogart, 1968, Garrett and Harrison, 1970, for adenosine triphosphatase (Shear, 1964, Nagashima andOno, 1985), or for TP-LFC Ball, 1979, Redman et al., 1980), and also identified by early immunohistochemical studies (Archer and Kao, 1968, Line and Archer, 1972, Drenckhahn et a!., 1977. However, the results o...

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Cytochemical Demonstration of Actin Filaments in Myoepithelial Cells of the Human Parotid Gland

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Myoepithelium of salivary glands

Myoepithelium of salivary glands

Interlobular excretory ducts of mammalian salivary glands: Structural and histochemical review

Differential Distribution of a Carbohydrate Epitope (Y) on Human Salivary Gland Cell Membranes

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