Cytochemical and Three-Dimensional Studies on Golgi Apparatus and GERL of Rat Anterior Pituitary Cells by Transmission Electron Microscopy

The Golgi Apparatus and Acid Phosphatase-negative Cisternal Portions of the Trans-golgi Network: Ultrastructural and Cytochemical Studies of Secretory Epithelial Cells in the Rat Lateral Prostate

“…Under such condition the secretory epithelial cells increase their number of lysosomes and lysosomal enzyme activity (Helminen and Ericsson, 1972;Kimura et al, 1991). Furthermore, the present data support the concept that GERL or TGN belongs to the Golgi apparatus (Inoue and Kurosumi, 1977;Fujita and Okamoto, 1979), because, from the results of the present study, it is considered that not only the structural continuity of the trans-Golgi cisterna to the tubular portions of TGN, which also continue to condensing vacuoles, but also the continuity of the stream of secretory substances from the Golgi cisterna to condensing vacuoles is observed, so that secretory vacuoles will be made through the Golgi stack and tubular portions of TGN. However, differences in the distribution of enzymes in the Golgi apparatus appear due to the diversity of the Golgi apparatus including TGN that will be caused by differences in cell species and/or functional states.…”

“…The Golgi apparatus is one of the major cytoplasmic organelles, and has been regarded as an important structure related to the processing, sorting, and condensing of secretory substances and lysosoma' enzymes, as well as membrane recycling (Inoue and Kurosumi, 1977;Farquhar, 1981;Tooze and Tooze, 1986;Griffiths and Simons, 1986;Schanabel et al, 1989). In general, there is a unique membrane complex in trans-Golgi areas, which was initially named the Golgi-associated endoplasmic reticulum and lysosome (GERL) by Novikoff (1964).…”

“…In a variety of cells (Novikoff et al, 1971;Inoue and Kurosumi, 1977;Paavola, 1978;Clermont et al, 1981;Oliver and Hand, 1983;Rambourg and Clermont, 1986), AcPase activity has been normally detected in GERL or TGN. Moreover, the AcPase activity in GERL or TGN is changed by alterations in the physiological state of cells, and even disappears when the secretory activity of cells is highly stimulated (Paavola, 1978;Broadwell and Oliver, 1981;Doine et al, 1984).…”

Cytochemistry and Ultrastructure of Golgi Apparatus and GERL of Certain Secretory Cells

“…We have demonstrated, however, the formation of secretory granules in the cisternae forming the Golgi stack (lamellae), as well as in the GERL (2). Within the same cell, which was sectioned serially, we observed continuity between a secretory granule and the Golgi stack positively reactive for the detection of TPPase on the one hand ( Figure 1), and a similar continuity between another secretory granule and TPPase-negative GERL on the other hand ( Figure 2).…”

Intracellular localization of acid phosphatase and trypsinogen on an identical specimen in rat pancreas.

“…Most secretory proteins and lysosomal enzymes consist of glycoproteins, and these proteins may be glycosylated in the Golgi apparatus in which glycosyltransferases are concentrated (1,5,20,25). Many investigators have reported that secretory granules were formed in the Golgi trans area, and AcPase was also recognizable in that area in exocrine and endocrine glands under enzyme histochemical examination (3,6,8,9,11,22). These findings suggest that the Golgi apparatus represents a main organella for the translocation of secretory proteins and lysosomal enzymes into secretory granules and lysosomes, respectively.…”