Cysts of the Semilunar Cartilage of the Knee:<i>A Light and Electron Microscopic Study</i>

Hernandez, Felix J.

doi:10.3109/17453677608988716

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…[15][16][17] Other authors have suggested that these cysts result from synovial cells passing into cleavages in the fibrocartilage, proliferating, and secreting mucopolysaccharides. 18 The cysts may be septated and contain clear, bloody, or gelatinous fluid similar or identical to synovial fluid. 5,15 All cysts are probably associated with a horizontal cleavage tear of the adjacent meniscus, 1,13,15,16 although not all meniscal lesions were apparent before the development of MRI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic appearances of meniscal cysts

Seymour

Lloyd

1998

J. Clin. Ultrasound

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic appearances of meniscal cysts

Seymour

Lloyd

1998

J. Clin. Ultrasound

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“…According to Hernandez,17 who made an elaborate study of six cases, two main factors play an important role in the development of meniscal cysts. One is trauma followed by tears or microscopic cleavage through which synovial fluid and synovial cells are pressed into the fibrocartilaginous tissue where they proliferate and secrete large amounts of mucopolysaccharides that lead to cyst formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cysts of the semilunar cartilages of the knee: a new approach by ultrasound imaging. A study of six cases and review of the literature.

Peetrons¹,

Allaer²,

Jeanmart³

1990

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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The authors present six cases of cysts of the semilunar cartilages of the knee detected by ultrasonography, all of them confirmed at the time of surgery. Five of these lesions were cysts of the lateral meniscus; one lesion was a cyst of the medial meniscus. Because of ultrasonogra· phy, an accurate diagnosis of meniscal cysts is within the reach of the radiologist; it is also possible to visualize the extension of these lesions in a correct way, thereby being of great help to orthopedic surgeons. The main advan-C ysts of the semilunar cartilages of the knee have been recognized as a clinical entity since the beginning of this century.u Since then there have been many papers on this subject, almost all of them written by orthopedic surgeons. In fact the radiologist has been of little help in the diagnosis of meniscal cysts. Conventional radiography of the knee gave no · satisfactory information about these lesions. 3 Arthrography of the knee had been proven to be of very limited value in the diagnosis of cysts, mainly because of the fact that if the cysts were large enough to be shown radiologically, most of them were also large enough to be diag· nosed clinically. Arthrography can be used to confirm the clinical diagnosis or to determine differential diagtages of this technique compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is also able to give the same information, are the short time required to perform the examination and the low costs. After outlining their study, the authors give a review of the literature concerning the incidence, clinical features, pathogenesis, and management of the disease. KEY WORDS: semilunar cartilage; meniscus; meniscal cysts, ultrasound studies. (/ Ultrasound Med 9:333, 1990) nosis, but its main interest lies in confirming the pres· ence or absence of tears preoperatively."Thanks to the enormous progress in recent radiologic techniques, namely ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we now are able to make a correct evaluation of these cystic lesions even when they are small and when the tears are microscopic, preventing the filling of the cysts by intra-articular contrast medium. METHODS AND PATIENTSAll patients were studied with a 7.5-MHz probe on a Toshiba 90 SSA or 100 SSA. Longitudinal slices of the knee joint were obtained in lateral decubitus, procubitus, or dorsal decubitus, depending on the location of Received July 7, 1989, from the •Department of Radiology. Hopital the swelling. Attention was paid to the meniscus, usingMoliere-Longchamp Brussels, Belgium; and the 1{>epartment of Radi~ the method described by Sohn et al. 5 The relationship ology. Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium. Revised manuscript ac~ between the cystic mass and the meniscus was very cepted for publication December 7, 1989. carefully studied.

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“…Endogenous and exogenous trauma [16, 17, 21], endothelial inclusions in the cartilage during its development [14], chronic infection with hemorrhage [8, 21], and intraparanchymal hemorrhage [9] have been proposed as causes but without solid evidence. Meniscal MD is characterized by the typical yellow discoloration in the meniscal substance that appears as the torn meniscus is resected during arthroscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and arthroscopic features of meniscal tears and a search for the role of infection in histologically confirmed meniscal mucoid degeneration

Boya

Pınar

Gülay

et al. 2003

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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Mucoid degeneration (MD) of the meniscus has received little attention. The pathology deserves special interest as it may lead to loss of the meniscus even in very young individuals. The cause of MD and the clinical features of meniscal tears due to that pathology have not been understood. This study analyzed the age profile and the role of trauma in patients with torn menisci with MD, examined meniscal tear patterns and clinical features, and investigated the role of bacterial infection in causing MD. Meniscal samples obtained from 27 consecutive patients during arthroscopic resection of torn menisci considered to be due to MD (typical yellow color) underwent pathological investigation. The samples were scored according to the light microscopic criteria of Copenhaver; 24 menisci (23 patients) with stage 2-3 MD comprised the study group. Magnetic resonance imaging obtained in 11 patients typically revealed increased intrasubstance signal intensity that extended to at least one of the meniscal surfaces. Pieces of resected meniscal tissue were also subject to PCR investigation to search for presence of bacteria. Of the 24 knees 21 (87%) had no history of trauma. Mean Tegner activity level was 4 (1 and 7). Mean duration of symptoms was 11.6 months (1-36). Pain was the most frequent symptom ( n=22). Joint line tenderness and McMurray's test (pain and/or clicking) were present in 22 and 16 knees, respectively. Medial meniscus was affected in 16 and lateral meniscus in 8. Meniscal cyst and incomplete discoid meniscus was present in 5 and 2 of the lateral menisci. All of the torn menisci were degenerated and yellow in color. The most common tear patterns were radial and/or flap, and longitudinal-horizontal tears. PCR study revealed no bacteria. Mucoid degeneration of the meniscus does not seem to be related to the aging process. Clinical findings of torn such menisci are insidious compared to traumatic tears. Lack of history of trauma may delay the diagnosis. Bacterial infection has no role in the cause.

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Cysts of the Semilunar Cartilage of the Knee:A Light and Electron Microscopic Study

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Sonographic appearances of meniscal cysts

Sonographic appearances of meniscal cysts

Cysts of the semilunar cartilages of the knee: a new approach by ultrasound imaging. A study of six cases and review of the literature.

Clinical and arthroscopic features of meniscal tears and a search for the role of infection in histologically confirmed meniscal mucoid degeneration

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