Cystoscopic sex identification of posthatchling chelonians

Selleri, Paolo; Girolamo, Nicola Di; Melidone, Raffaele

doi:10.2460/javma.242.12.1744

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Cloacoscopy and cystoscopy have also been proposed as useful methods of sex determination in young chelonians by indirect visualization of gonads through the urinary bladder wall (Selleri et al 2013). However, it is impossible to observe gonads by cystoscopy in the loggerhead sea turtles because of the thickness of the bladder wall.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of cloacoscopy in the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)

et al. 2016

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The aim of the study was to describe cloacoscopy in the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) and to evaluate its efficacy in clinical practice. Cloacoscopy was performed on 31 turtles, 23 females and 8 males. Thirty minutes before anaesthesia, meloxicam (0.4 mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly. Turtles were anaesthetised with a combination of 0.04 mg/kg dexmedetomidine and 4 mg/kg ketamine administered intramuscularly. Cloacoscopy was performed with a diagnostic telescope (10 mm diameter, 30 cm long, 0°, with an operating sheath) or with a flexible colonoscope (13 mm diameter, 160 cm long). Turtles were placed in dorsal recumbence and endoscope was inserted through the vent. In the distal part of the proctodeum, phallus or clitoris were easily visualized. A finger and thumb were placed around the vent to act as a valve in order to control the fluid infusion. Flushing the cloaca with warm saline and 0.6% lidocaine allowed clear view. The urethral orifice was located centrally within the urogenital sinus. Further proximally, the slit of the urodeum with the distal sphincter of the colon could be visualized. Passing gently through the urethral orifice allowed direct visualization of the urinary bladder. After withdrawing and re-directing the endoscope into the coprodeum, the terminal part of the intestine was reached. From 31 loggerhead turtles examined, fishing lines were found in 23 animals. Cloacoscopy proved to be a feasible diagnostic method and it is suggested as a routine diagnostic tool for clinical assessment of loggerhead turtle patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of cloacoscopy in the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)

et al. 2016

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“…Results of our clinical experience and current research 5,9 show that presence of the urinary bladder wall between the endoscope and the coelomic cavity does not preclude the visualization of coelomic organs in chelonians and that this technique may be valuable to reptile clinicians.…”

Section: Sizementioning

confidence: 93%

“…5,[10][11][12] In the authors' experience, placing the chelonian in ventral recumbency provides easier access to the urinary bladder. The following are instructions for replicating the authors' technique:…”

Section: Chelonian Positioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3A). 5 Medium-sized chelonians (100-2000 g): an assistant elevates the turtle away from the table to expose the cloaca (see Fig. 3B).…”

Section: Chelonian Positioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 More recently, a novel diagnostic application of cystoscopy has been described using the transparency of the organ to visualize the coelom. 5 The value of cystoscopy as a diagnostic tool relies on 2 main features of the chelonian urinary bladder: morphology and size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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