Cystoisospora Species Insights From Development in vitro

Lindsay, David S.

doi:10.3389/fvets.2018.00335

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The study was performed to comparatively assess the diagnostic accuracy of two previously described real-time PCR assays targeting ribosomal sequences of C. belli [ 28 , 33 ] in a test comparison without a reference standard [ 37 , 38 ]. To ensure increased pretest-probability, residual DNA eluates from stool samples of HIV patients from tropical Ghana [ 40 , 41 , 42 ] and of soldiers after tropical deployment in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Gabon [ 43 ] were chosen for the assessments, so C. belli infections could be considered as likely [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. In people living with HIV/AIDS, prevalence values for C. belli in stool samples ranging between 0.4% and 15% in a left-shifted distribution had been recorded previously [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cystoisospora (C.) belli is an apicomplexan coccidian protozoan parasite causing gastroenteritis in severely immunocompromised patients, e.g., patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) as well as patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy or chemotherapy of tumors [ 1 , 2 ]. In particular, the association of C. belli -induced gastroenteritis with AIDS has repeatedly been described from various international study sites [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], while the parasite is rarely isolated from immunocompetent patients with chronic diarrhea [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Two Real-Time PCR Assays Targeting Ribosomal Sequences for the Identification of Cystoisospora belli in Human Stool Samples

et al. 2021

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Cystoisospora (C.) belli is a coccidian parasite associated with acute or chronic gastroenteritis in immunocompromised patients. Dissatisfactory sensitivity of microscopy as the diagnostic standard approach has been described. Here, we comparatively evaluated two real-time PCRs targeting ribosomal RNA gene sequences of C. belli in stool in a test comparison without a reference standard applying latent class analysis. Therefore, 1000 stool samples from Ghanaian HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) patients (n = 905) as well as military returnees from the tropics (n = 95) were assessed by both assays in parallel. After the exclusion of 33 samples showing PCR inhibition, 29 and 33 positive results were recorded with the 5.8S rRNA gene/ITS-2 sequence PCR and the ITS-2 sequence PCR, respectively, resulting in an accuracy-adjusted prevalence of 3.2%. Nearly perfect agreement between both assays was indicated by Fleiss’ kappa of 0.933 with sensitivity and specificity of 92.8% and 100% as well as 100% and 99.8% for the 5.8S rRNA gene/ITS-2 sequence PCR and the ITS-2 sequence PCR, respectively. Both assays proved to be suitable for the diagnosis of C. belli in human stool samples with slightly better sensitivity of the ITS-2 sequence assay, while the 5.8S rRNA gene/ITS-2 sequence PCR may be considered for confirmatory testing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Two Real-Time PCR Assays Targeting Ribosomal Sequences for the Identification of Cystoisospora belli in Human Stool Samples

et al. 2021

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“…Cystoisospora belli oocysts are generally bell-shaped, their size is 1737 x 8-21 um, and they have a very thin and smooth oocyst wall 3 . Some sporozoites encyst in extra-intestinal organs (spleen, liver, mediastinal, trachea-bronchial, and mesenteric lymph nodes) and in intestinal lamina propria, particularly in immunosuppressed humans, producing monozoic tissue cysts 2 , 3 , 7 , 9 . Until now, paratenic or intermediate hosts have not been identified in C. belli's life cycle.…”

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Chronic Cystoisospora belli infection in a Colombian patient living with HIV and poor adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy

et al. 2021

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Cystoisospora belli is an intestinal Apicomplexan parasite associated with diarrheal illness and disseminated infections in humans, mainly immunocompromised individuals such as those living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). An irregular administration of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV patients may increase the risk of opportunistic infections like cystoisosporiasis.We describe here a case of C. belli infection in a Colombian HIV patient with chronic gastrointestinal syndrome and poor adherence to HAART. His clinical and parasitological cure was achieved with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment. Although a reduction in the number of C. belli cases has been observed since the use of HAART, this parasite still has to be considered as a differential diagnosis of diarrheal disease in HIV/AIDS patients.Effective interventions enhancing adherence to HAART should be included in HIV patient care programs.

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Einzeller beim Menschen

Mehlhorn

2022

Die Parasiten Des Menschen

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Cystoisospora Species Insights From Development in vitro

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Comparison of Two Real-Time PCR Assays Targeting Ribosomal Sequences for the Identification of Cystoisospora belli in Human Stool Samples

Comparison of Two Real-Time PCR Assays Targeting Ribosomal Sequences for the Identification of Cystoisospora belli in Human Stool Samples

Chronic Cystoisospora belli infection in a Colombian patient living with HIV and poor adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy

Einzeller beim Menschen

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