Cystoid macular edema after phacoemulsification: risk factors and effect on visual acuity

Gülkılık, Gökhan; Kocabora, Selim; Taşkapili, Mühittin; Engin, Günay

doi:10.3129/i06-062

Cited by 100 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A surgical manipulation which happens during the course of a cataract surgery always causes an iris trauma with damage to the blood-aqueous barrier. As a result, secondary inflammatory mediators, mainly prostaglandins, can be liberated by the iris [18]. Once the responsible stimulus (surgery) has been stopped, the physiological healing process is sufficient to slowly, but progressively, suppress the inflammatory process.…”

Section: Disorder-specific Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of Macular Edema

Scholl¹,

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Macular edema is defined as an accumulation of fluid in the outer plexiform layer and the inner nuclear layer as well as a swelling of Müller cells of the retina. It consists of a localized expansion of the retinal extracellular space (sometimes associated with the intracellular space) in the macular area. Macular edema is a common cause of a sudden or chronic decrease in visual acuity occurring in many ocular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion. As a nonspecific sign of many intraocular and systemic diseases, macular edema represents a common final pathway. The existence of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) formed by intercellular junctions is the precondition required to maintain this physiological status. This status may become severely disturbed by many diseases, finally resulting in macular edema. In this article, the development of macular edema will also be classified by its pathophysiological and pathobiochemical pathways. Vascular components, the dysfunctional BRB, the role of proteins and water fluxes as well as the role of several inflammatory mediators (e.g. angiotensin II, vascular endothelial growth factor, prostaglandins) in the retina will be discussed as responsible mechanisms leading to the development of macular edema.

show abstract

Section: Disorder-specific Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of Macular Edema

Scholl¹,

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand several other factors do not seem to play any significant role. In a study performed by Gulkilik et al (2006) no correlation was found between postoperative CME and cataract type, iris colour or pseudoexfoliation; in the same study no correlation between phacoemulsification time and CME development was found. The risk of visually significant CME has decreased with the development of advanced surgical techniques, such as modern phacoemulsification with micro-incisional techniques and foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs), when compared to older techniques, especially intracapsular cataract extraction (Wetzig et al, 1979;Sorr et al, 1979).…”

Section: Incidence Epidemiology Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Iris is a tissue that responds to injury with secretion of inflammatory mediators. Gulkilik et al (2006) found the presence of CME in 70% of patients after iris trauma compared to 20,5% of patients without iris injury. In general, the incidence of CME in complicated cases of cataract extraction has been reported to range from 1.5% to 35.7% (Nikica et al 1992).…”

Section: Incidence Epidemiology Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macular Edema and Cataract Surgery

Tsika¹,

Diakonis²,

Karavitaki³

et al. 2013

Cataract Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…PXF eyes with glaucoma have been reported to have increased risk for macular edema after phacoemulsification (Yüksel et al, 2008). Iris trauma, which is more common in PXF eyes, has been associated with higher rates of macular edema too (Gulkilik et al, 2006). Intraocular pressure The presence of trabecular outflow and blood-aqueous barrier alterations results in an increased risk of early postoperative IOP elevation, particularly in patients with preexisting glaucoma (Pohjalainen et al, 2001;Shingleton et al, 2008).…”

Section: Postoperative Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%