Cystic fibrosis, breath pentane, and lipid peroxidation

Bilton, Diana; Maddison, J.; Webb, A K; Seabra, L; Jones, M.J.; Braganza, J. M.

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)93111-l

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Increased pentane concentrations were reported in the breath of patients with acute asthma [19], pulmonary infections [20] and after acute cigarette smoke exposure [21]. A single observation in adult CF patients has previously been reported in abstract form [22] and as letter to the editor [23], apparently without a subsequent original contribution. The authors collected tidal air over 2 min after a 10-min washout and found substantially higher breath pentane output in CF patients compared with healthy controls, but details on patient characteristics, analytical methods and results are not available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath of young patients with cystic fibrosis

Barker

Hengst²,

Schmid³

et al. 2006

Eur Respir J

160

124

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Inflammatory mediators in the exhaled breath are receiving growing medical interest as noninvasive disease markers. Volatile organic compounds have been investigated in this context, but clinical information and methodological standards are limited.The levels of ethane, propane, n-pentane, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone, isoprene, benzene, toluene, dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and limonene were measured in repeated breath samples from 20 cystic fibrosis patients and 20 healthy controls (aged 8-29 yrs). Three endexhaled and one ambient air sample were collected per person and analysed on a customised gas chromatography system. Intra-subject coefficients of variation ranged between 9 and 34%, and hydrocarbon breath levels were influenced by their inspired concentrations. The alveolar gradient for pentane was higher in cystic fibrosis patients than in healthy controls (0.36 versus 0.21 ppb) and inversely proportional to forced expiratory volume in one second; highest values were observed in patients with pulmonary exacerbations (0.73 versus 0.24 ppb). Cystic fibrosis patients also exhibited a lower output of DMS (3.9 versus 7.6 ppb). Group differences were not significant for ethane and the remaining substances.It was concluded that chemical breath analysis for volatile organic compounds is feasible and may hold potential for the noninvasive diagnosis and follow-up of inflammatory processes in cystic fibrosis lung disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath of young patients with cystic fibrosis

Barker

Hengst²,

Schmid³

et al. 2006

Eur Respir J

160

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Indeed, there is already evidence that CF patients undergo oxidative stress. These include elevated markers of lipid peroxidation, an increase in intracellular antioxidant defenses (20)(21)(22)(23), and a 100-to 1000-fold elevation in the number of neutrophils in the airways of the lung (25). This increase in neutrophil numbers in the respiratory tract is likely to subject the airway to an extracellular oxidant stress (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Free-Radical-Trapping Capacity and Altered Plasma Antioxidant Status in Cystict Fibrosis

1993

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“…It would be desirable therefore to identify a measure of pulmonary inflammation (single or combined), that is more sensitive than pulmonary function testing, noninvasive, repeatable and applicable to young children. The assessment of exhaled breath in CF has not been fruitful: nitric oxide levels are normal [2], or reduced [3] in CF when compared with control subjects, and exhaled pentane is raised in CF, but prone to gastrointestinal contamination [4].The measurement of inflammatory mediators in breath condensate (exhaled aerosolized bronchoalveolar lining fluid), might provide a noninvasive, direct assessment of pulmonary inflammation. Condensate is capable of carrying molecules <65 kDa [5]: that could include the majority of pro-inflammatory pulmonary cytokines that are increased in CF.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Measurement of inflammatory markers in the breath condensate of children with cystic fibrosis

Cunningham

McColm

et al. 2000

Eur Respir J

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Identifying noninvasive markers of pulmonary inflammation would be useful in assessing new therapies in children. Breath condensate is a simple and potentially acceptable sample medium even in small children. The technique has previously been used in adults, but not children with cystic fibrosis.The technique was assessed in 36 children with cystic fibrosis (mean age 10.4 yrs) and 17 control subjects, analysing samples for nitrite, interleukin(IL)-8 and salivary and nasal contamination. Correlations were made between levels of the inflammatory markers and forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity, chest radiograph score and use of inhaled steroids.On samples without significant contamination (<10 u . L -1 amylase) nitrite was detected in 93% of samples at a median concentration of 3.0 mM compared with 50% of control samples at a median of 0.5 mM. Condensate amylase levels did not correlate with the nitrite value obtained (r=0.31). IL-8 was detected in 33% of CF samples.Breath condensate is an acceptable method of sample collection in children. Nitrite was raised in breath condensate from patients with cystic fibrosis when compared with control subjects. Eur Respir J 2000; 15: 955±957. Pulmonary inflammation in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) begins soon after birth [1], and arresting this progressive inflammation is central to CF research. It would be desirable therefore to identify a measure of pulmonary inflammation (single or combined), that is more sensitive than pulmonary function testing, noninvasive, repeatable and applicable to young children. The assessment of exhaled breath in CF has not been fruitful: nitric oxide levels are normal [2], or reduced [3] in CF when compared with control subjects, and exhaled pentane is raised in CF, but prone to gastrointestinal contamination [4].The measurement of inflammatory mediators in breath condensate (exhaled aerosolized bronchoalveolar lining fluid), might provide a noninvasive, direct assessment of pulmonary inflammation. Condensate is capable of carrying molecules <65 kDa [5]: that could include the majority of pro-inflammatory pulmonary cytokines that are increased in CF. Nitrite This technique, however, has not been applied to children with CF, and the aim of the current study was therefore to evaluate the reliability and acceptability of this technique, assessing whether children with CF have raised nitrite (like their adult counterparts [6]), and to assess for the first time whether IL-8, a dominant pro-inflammatory cytokine in CF [8], is found in measurable quantities in exhaled condensate. MethodsThe study was performed at the authors' regional paediatric CF centre (Edinburgh, Scotland, UK). Control samples were collected from children who were either staff relatives or attending fracture clinic with single stable fractures and no history of chronic respiratory illness. Children with CF were clinically stable at the time of assessment.The equipment for condensate collection has previously been used successfully in adults, ...

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Cystic fibrosis, breath pentane, and lipid peroxidation

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath of young patients with cystic fibrosis

Volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath of young patients with cystic fibrosis

Reduced Free-Radical-Trapping Capacity and Altered Plasma Antioxidant Status in Cystict Fibrosis

Measurement of inflammatory markers in the breath condensate of children with cystic fibrosis

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