Atherosclerosis

2008

DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.11.025

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Cystatin C—A marker of peripheral atherosclerotic disease?

Johannes Arpegård

¹

,

²

,

³

et al.

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Anthropometry and Bioelectrical Impedance1

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Cited by 49 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, other mechanisms are probably implicated. In fact, CysC has a role as an inflammatory marker [18] and acts as an inhibitor of cathepsins, which are involved in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix of the arterial wall [19]. Several studies on adult subjects or patients with established vascular disease suggest that metabolic pathways, such as insulin resistance, may play a role in mediating the association of CysC to CVD through inflammatory mechanisms [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used Kim's equation [13] to calculate total body skeletal muscle mass (SMM) as follows: SMM (kg)=1. 19 x ALST (kg) -1.01. Fat-free mass (FFM) was estimated according to Haroun et al [14], taking into account the impedance index (height 2 /impedance) and following the validated equation for obese children and adolescents: FFM ¼ À2:211 þ ð1:115 Â height 2 =impedance Þ.…”

Section: Anthropometry and Bioelectrical Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cystatin C, cardiometabolic risk, and body composition in severely obese children

Codoñer‐Franch

¹

,

Ballester-Asensio

²

,

³

et al. 2010

Pediatr Nephrol

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The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cystatin C (CysC), cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs), and body composition in severely obese children. We evaluated 117 children aged 7-14 years old. Seventy-nine of these were severely obese (body mass index z-score ranging from 2.1 to 8.4), and 38 were children with normal nutrition state. CysC was determined by immunonephelometry. CMRFs (glucose, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, homocysteine, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) were measured by standard biochemical methods. Blood pressure was evaluated at the clinical examination. Renal function was estimated using the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based upon creatinine levels, and body weight (Léger formula). Body composition was assessed by segmental bioelectrical impedance. Obese children at the highest tertile of CysC values were characterized by their aggregation of CMRFs. CysC concentration was associated with insulin resistance, alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, and homocysteine after adjusting for age, gender, and eGFR. CysC values were also correlated with the fat-free mass and specifically with skeletal muscle mass. CysC levels were correlated with CMRFs factors independently of renal function, and affected by skeletal muscle mass in severely obese children, although they are less influenced by this than is creatinine.

“…However, other mechanisms are probably implicated. In fact, CysC has a role as an inflammatory marker [18] and acts as an inhibitor of cathepsins, which are involved in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix of the arterial wall [19]. Several studies on adult subjects or patients with established vascular disease suggest that metabolic pathways, such as insulin resistance, may play a role in mediating the association of CysC to CVD through inflammatory mechanisms [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used Kim's equation [13] to calculate total body skeletal muscle mass (SMM) as follows: SMM (kg)=1. 19 x ALST (kg) -1.01. Fat-free mass (FFM) was estimated according to Haroun et al [14], taking into account the impedance index (height 2 /impedance) and following the validated equation for obese children and adolescents: FFM ¼ À2:211 þ ð1:115 Â height 2 =impedance Þ.…”

Section: Anthropometry and Bioelectrical Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

Cystatin C, cardiometabolic risk, and body composition in severely obese children

Codoñer‐Franch

¹

,

Ballester-Asensio

²

,

³

et al. 2010

Pediatr Nephrol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cystatin C (CysC), cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs), and body composition in severely obese children. We evaluated 117 children aged 7-14 years old. Seventy-nine of these were severely obese (body mass index z-score ranging from 2.1 to 8.4), and 38 were children with normal nutrition state. CysC was determined by immunonephelometry. CMRFs (glucose, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, homocysteine, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) were measured by standard biochemical methods. Blood pressure was evaluated at the clinical examination. Renal function was estimated using the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based upon creatinine levels, and body weight (Léger formula). Body composition was assessed by segmental bioelectrical impedance. Obese children at the highest tertile of CysC values were characterized by their aggregation of CMRFs. CysC concentration was associated with insulin resistance, alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, and homocysteine after adjusting for age, gender, and eGFR. CysC values were also correlated with the fat-free mass and specifically with skeletal muscle mass. CysC levels were correlated with CMRFs factors independently of renal function, and affected by skeletal muscle mass in severely obese children, although they are less influenced by this than is creatinine.

“…Several studies have reported that HCY, Cys C, and smoking are risk factors of atherosclerosis [36][37][38] . In the present study, we found that the levels of HCY and Cys C in ASO patients were higher than that in controls, which is consistent with previous reports.…”

Section: Conflict Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Plasma MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers for Arteriosclerosis Obliterans

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2016

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Aim: Arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) of the lower extremities is a major cause of adult limb loss worldwide. A timely diagnosis in the early stages of the disease determines the clinical outcomes, however lacking of palpable symptoms remains the biggest obstacle. This study aimed to screen a cluster of microRNAs (miRNAs) that can be used as biomarker for the ASO in the earlier stages. Methods: Plasma from 3 patients with ASO and 3 healthy controls were profiled to screen altered miRNAs by microarray, then Real time PCR was further used to confirm the changes in 55 ASO patients and 54 controls.We also analyzed the correlation of miRNAs level with Fontaine stages and the influence of T2DM which is a common complication with ASO on the level of miRNAs.

“…Under physiological conditions, cystatin C is able to inhibit endogenous cysteine protease activity. Previous studies demonstrated that cystatin C is a sensitive indicator for evaluating early kidney damage; however, recent studies have indicated that the imbalanced expression of cystatin C is notably associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis and diabetic lower limb ischemia (6)(7)(8)(9). Furthermore, Liu et al observed a significant association between the expression of cystatin C and diabetic lower limb ischemia, with elevated expression of cystatin C indicating an increased risk of lower limb ischemia in diabetic patients (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet-derived miR-92a downregulates cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin C in type II diabetic lower limb ischemia

Guan²,

Jin³

2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of microRNA (miR)-92a on cystatin C expression in patients with type II diabetes and lower limb ischemia. A total of 199 patients diagnosed with type II diabetes were included in the study and divided into three experimental groups: Simple type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM; n=60) group; type II diabetes with light to moderate occlusion (LLI-LM; n=70) group; and the type II diabetes with severe occlusion (LLI-S; n=69) group according to the patient ankle-brachial index score. In addition, 60 healthy individuals were examined as a control population. The expression levels of various biochemical indices were detected, including cystatin C in the peripheral blood. The expression levels of miR-92a and cystatin C mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and the correlation between miR-92a, cystatin C and the pathological development of type II diabetic lower limb ischemia was analyzed. The protein expression levels of cystatin C were detected using western blot analysis. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that miR-92a was able to downregulate cystatin C expression, and this result was supported by endothelial cell transfection. In the transfection assay, an miR-92a mimic downregulated cystatin C expression, while an miR-92a inhibitor upregulated cystatin C expression. The results of the RT-qPCR indicated that the expression levels of miR-92a in the LLI-S group were reduced compared with those in the T2DM and LLI-LM groups, and significantly lower compared with those in the negative control group. Platelet-derived miR-92a appeared to downregulate cystatin C expression in patients with type II diabetes and lower limb ischemia. Therefore, the combined detection of miR-92a and cystatin C may be useful as a method for clinically screening patients with type II diabetes for lower limb ischemia.

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