Cypringlea (Cyperaceae) revisited, a new combination and status

Reznicek, Anton A.; Elizondo, M. Socorro González

doi:10.21829/abm83.2008.1057

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A–D). Whereas Oreobolopsis and Trichophorum both possess unispicate or paucispicate inflorescences and reduced leaves, the genus Cypringlea differs markedly in general habit, with numerous spikelets in compound anthelae and well‐developed leaf blades (Strong, ; Reznicek & González Elizondo, ). However, these three genera share one important derived characteristic: sterile proximal glumes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These characters were traditionally used in the recognition of SCC tribes and genera, or appeared to show informative variation at this taxonomic level. Most species were scored by direct examination of herbarium specimens, often including types, from the following herbaria: A, AAH, ASU, B, BO, CAN, CAS, CHICO, CHR, CHSC, DAO, DOV, FHO, G, GB, GH, HNU, IBSC, K, L, MICH, MO, MT, NY, OSC, P, PRE, SI, SING, SYS, UBC, UPS, US, W, WIN, and WIS. Data were also obtained from our own field observations in eastern Canada, western U.S.A., South America, and northern Vietnam, as well as from original descriptions, floras, revisions, and other literature sources (e.g., Kükenthal, ; Kukkonen, ; Egorova, ; Ball & Reznicek, ; Whittemore & Schuyler, ; Strong, ; Dhooge, ; Reznicek & González Elizondo, ; Dai & al., ; Liang & Tucker, ,b,c; Zhang & Noltie, ; Gilmour & al., ; Léveillé‐Bourret & al., , ). Embryological characters were scored exclusively from the literature (Van der Veken, ; Goetghebeur & Coudijzer, ; Strong, ; Dhooge, ; Gilmour & al., ; Semmouri, ; Léveillé‐Bourret & al., ; Semmouri & al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular and morphological data reveal three new tribes within the Scirpo‐Caricoid Clade (Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae)

Léveillé‐Bourret

Starr

2019

TAXON

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The circumscription of the circumboreal tribe Scirpeae has been contentious since the earliest infrafamilial classifications of the Cyperaceae (>100 genera,~5500 species). Molecular phylogenetic studies place Scirpeae in a strongly supported clade with the enigmatic genus Khaosokia and tribes Cariceae, Dulichieae, and Sumatroscirpeae, a lineage comprising more than 40% of all Cyperaceae species. This lineage was previously known as the Cariceae-Dulichieae-Scirpeae (CDS) clade. Here we informally characterize it as the "Scirpo-Caricoid Clade". Previous phylogenetic and phylogenomic studies of the Scirpo-Caricoid Clade have shown Scirpeae to be paraphyletic, forming four distinct lineages that are successive sisters to a Cariceae+Sumatroscirpeae clade, thus confirming decade-old suspicions that the modern circumscription of Scirpeae is unnatural. Using a total-evidence phylogenetic analysis incorporating three plastid markers (matK, ndhF, rps16), two nuclear ribosomal markers (ETS-1f, ITS), and 64 morphological characters, this study confirms the paraphyly of Scirpeae, the isolated phylogenetic position of Khaosokia, and identifies morphological synapomorphies for seven monophyletic lineages that are here recognized as tribes. Our new classification places for the first time all genera of the Scirpo-Caricoid Clade into natural tribes that are identifiable using morphological and embryological characters. Three new tribes are proposed: Calliscirpeae tr. nov., Khaosokieae tr. nov. and Trichophoreae tr. nov. Diagnoses for all tribes of the Scirpo-Caricoid Clade, an identification key to all currently recognized Cyperaceae tribes, and identification keys for all genera of the Scirpo-Caricoid Clade are provided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and morphological data reveal three new tribes within the Scirpo‐Caricoid Clade (Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae)

Léveillé‐Bourret

Starr

2019

TAXON

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“…Until the inclusion of Cypringlea (Gilmour et al ., ), with its simple or compound anthelae and well developed leaves (Strong, ; Reznicek & González Elizondo, ), the Trichophorum clade could be characterized by spikelets solitary or in paucispicate racemes and by the frequent reduction of leaves to mucronate sheaths (Beetle, ; Crins, ; Dhooge & Goetghebeur, ). Cypringlea was segregated from Scirpus largely on the basis of its Carex ‐type embryo and aligned with Trichophorum for this reason (Strong, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for the sister to sedges (Carex): resolving relationships in the Cariceae-Dulichieae-Scirpeae clade (Cyperaceae)

et al. 2014

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With approximately 2000 species, tribe Cariceae (Cyperaceae) comprises a morphologically distinctive cosmopolitan clade, with holocentric chromosomes (N = 6 to 56), complex biogeographical patterns, and habitat diversity ranging from rainforests to deserts. Such a remarkable combination of characteristics should make Cariceae an ideal model for studying the evolution of biodiversity, although they also obscure their relationships in Cyperaceae, complicating attempts to identify the contributing factors to diversity of Cariceae. Recent molecular studies place Cariceae in a strongly supported clade consisting of tribes Dulichieae, Scirpeae s.s, and the enigmatic monotypic genus Khaosokia, although relationships in this clade are unresolved. Using the plastid genes matK and ndhF and a greatly improved taxonomic sampling covering 16 of 17 genera and 55% of the species outside Cariceae, our analyses firmly position Dulichieae and Khaosokia (79% and 85% bootstrap support) as successive sisters to a clade consisting of five major lineages (Calliscirpus, Trichophorum + Oreobolopsis + Cypringlea, Cariceae, Scirpus + Eriophorum, and Amphiscirpus + Phylloscirpus + Zameioscirpus), the first four of which receive good to strong support (> 80% bootstrap support). Cariceae are sister to the Trichophorum clade, although topological tests cannot exclude either Calliscirpus or a Scirpus clade + Zameioscirpus clade as sister to the tribe. Trichophorum appears to be paraphyletic and Eriophorum is firmly nested in Scirpus. There appears to be a trend in the increase of chromosome numbers in Scirpus and Eriophorum and a trend in the reduction and proliferation of the inflorescence throughout the major Cariceae-Dulichieae-Scirpeae clades.

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“…However, the value of this single perianth character to segregate Oreobolopsis from Trichophorum is questionable (Dhooge, 2005), especially when it appears that glume-like perianth parts are not entirely unknown in species like T. subcapitatum (see Léveillé-Bourret et al, 2014), a close relative of the generic type T. alpinum. Cypringlea also shares several characteristics with Trichophorum such as mostly basal leaves, antrorse to divergent bristle barbs and spikelets with sterile basal glumes, but it possesses well-developed leaves and simple to compound anthelae sometimes consisting of hundreds of spikelets (Strong, 2003;Reznicek & González-Elizondo, 2008;Léveillé-Bourret et al, 2014). Whether Cypringlea and Oreobolopsis are best treated in Trichophorum will require further analysis, but close relationships among multispicate, paucispicate, and unispicate species are common throughout most of the major PeerJ reviewing PDF | (2019:04:36328:1:1:NEW 17 Jul 2019)…”

Section: Conservation Status and Species Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "The rediscovery of the rare Vietnamese endemic Eriophorum scabriculme redefines generic limits in the Scirpo-Caricoid Clade (Cyperaceae) (v0.1)"

2019

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For those familiar with boreal bogs and wet tundra, species of Eriophorum ("the cotton grasses") will undoubtedly represent some of the most striking and memorable taxa they have encountered. This small genus of 20 Holarctic sedge species (Cyperaceae) is remarkable because its inflorescences produce large, brilliantly white to rusty-red cottony masses when its flowers develop a perianth of highly elongated bristles after anthesis. In this study, we document the rediscovery of Eriophorum scabriculme, a narrow Vietnamese endemic known from only two collections made approximately 7 km apart near Sa Pa in Lào Cai Province over 75 years ago. Using plastid DNA sequences (matK, ndhF), embryology, and morphology, we test whether E. scabriculme is aligned within either the Scirpo-Caricoid Clade (genus Khaosokia and tribes Cariceae, Dulichieae, Scirpeae, and Sumatroscirpeae) or the Ficinia Clade (Cypereae), and we determine whether its unique character combinations (≥ 10 elongated bristles, reduced sheathing basal leaves, 1-4 spikelets) could be evidence for a new genus or simply mark it as an unusual species within currently recognised genera. In addition, we document the discovery of seven new populations, and we extend its range westward to Lai Châu Province and southward in Lào Cai Province by more than 47 km. Our results demonstrate that Eriophorum scabriculme is best treated in the genus Trichophorum, thus re-circumscribing both genera and their limits with Scirpus s.str. In addition, we emend the description of Trichophorum scabriculme (Beetle) J.R.Starr, Lév.-Bourret & B.A.Ford, provide the first pictures and accurate illustration of the species, and assess its conservation status in Vietnam (VU, Vulnerable). Our study corroborates the fact that in such a diverse and taxonomically difficult family like the sedges, conspicuous characters like highly elongated bristles may

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Cypringlea (Cyperaceae) revisited, a new combination and status

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Molecular and morphological data reveal three new tribes within the Scirpo‐Caricoid Clade (Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae)

Molecular and morphological data reveal three new tribes within the Scirpo‐Caricoid Clade (Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae)

Searching for the sister to sedges (Carex): resolving relationships in the Cariceae-Dulichieae-Scirpeae clade (Cyperaceae)

Peer Review #1 of "The rediscovery of the rare Vietnamese endemic Eriophorum scabriculme redefines generic limits in the Scirpo-Caricoid Clade (Cyperaceae) (v0.1)"

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