Cypermethrin and Chlorpyrifos Concentration Levels in Surface Water Bodies of the Pampa Ondulada, Argentina

Marino, Damián; Ronco, Alicia Estela

doi:10.1007/s00128-005-0824-7

Cited by 197 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…Previous studies in agroecosystems of the region also indicated similar trends (Jergentz et al 2005, Marino & Ronco 2005. Different types of abnormalities have been reported in amphibians exposed to the studied pesticides under controlled laboratory conditions (Greulich & Pflugmacher 2003, Brunelli et al 2009, Agostini et al 2010).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

“…The fractions were reconstituted with n-hexane to a final volume of 1 ml for gas chromatography − electron capture detector (GC-ECD) analysis. The pesticide analysis was done by GC-ECD (Carlo Erba 6000), equipped with an HP5 column (15 m with a 0.53 mm inner diameter), with N 2 as a carrier, and ramp and detector temperatures of 190−250°C and 320°C, respectively (Marino & Ronco 2005). Detection limits were 0.02 µg l −1 and 2 µg kg −1 for water and sediment samples, respectively.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abnormalities in amphibian populations inhabiting agroecosystems in northeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

Agostini¹,

Kacoliris²,

Demetrio³

et al. 2013

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The occurrence of abnormalities in amphibians has been reported in many populations, and its increase could be related to environmental pollution and habitat degradation. We evaluated the type and prevalence of abnormalities in 5 amphibian populations from agroecosystems with different degrees of agricultural disturbance (cultivated and reference areas). We detected 9 types of abnormalities, of which the most frequent were those occurring in limbs. The observed prevalence of abnormality in assessed populations from cultivated and reference areas was as follows: Rhinella fernandezae (37.1 and 10.2%, respectively), Leptodactylus latrans adults (28.1 and 9.2%) and juveniles (32.9 and 15.3%), and Hypsiboas pulchellus (11.6 and 2.8%). Scinax granulatus populations did not show abnormalities. Pseudis minuta, which was only detected in the reference area, exhibited a prevalence of 13.3%. For R. fernandezae, L. latrans, and H. pulchellus, generalized linear mixed models showed that prevalence of abnormalities was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in cultivated than in reference areas. L. latrans juveniles were more vulnerable to abnormalities than adults (p < 0.05). The presence of abnormalities in some species inhabiting different agroecosystems suggests that environmental stress factors might be responsible for their occurrence. While we detected pesticides (endosulfan, cypermethrin, and chlorpyrifos) and lower dissolved oxygen levels in ponds of the cultivated area, no data are currently available on how other factors, such as injuries from predators and parasite infections, vary by land use. Further research will be necessary to evaluate possible causes of abnormalities detected in the present study mainly in the context of factor interactions.KEY WORDS: Agricultural disturbance · Pesticide · Brachydactyly · Ectrodactyly · Scoliosis · Developmental abnormality · Teratogen Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 104: [163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171] 2013 studied . Experimental and field evidence supports a causal association between the trematode Ribeiroia and limb malformations (Johnson et al. 2003, Johnson & Hartson 2009. Predators, such as leeches, fish, and odonate naiads, can cause the loss of an appendage and/or abnormalities during the regeneration process . Laboratory studies indicate that UV-B radiation and chemical contaminants, including pesticides used in agricultural practices, can cause malformations (Greulich & Pflugmacher 2003, Brunelli et al. 2009, Agostini et al. 2010), but to date field studies have not provided conclusive evidence (Lannoo 2008. Some of these factors are considered the cause of amphibian population decline and extinction reported on a global scale, although the relationship between amphibian malformations and population declines remains unclear (Blaustein et al. 2011). Some authors have discussed the necessity to assess and categorize different types of abnormalities and their prevalence considering life s...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormalities in amphibian populations inhabiting agroecosystems in northeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

Agostini¹,

Kacoliris²,

Demetrio³

et al. 2013

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Crossland et al 1982) and streams (e.g. Marino and Ronco 2005). These life history variables have strong repercussions on emergence timing and fecundity, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sublethal and sex-specific cypermethrin effects in toxicity tests with the midge Chironomus riparius Meigen

2010

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We quantified sublethal and sex-specific cypermethrin effects in experiments (29 days) with the midge Chironomus riparius at different levels of sediment organic matter content (0, 5, and 20%). We found highly significant effects of cypermethrin concentrations and sediment type on emergence, mean development rate, and adult size. For example, emergence/survival rates were 70-100% below 0.8 μg/l and unaffected by organic matter content. At 3.2 μg/l, however, no larvae survived in sediment without organic matter, but survival successively increased to 26 ± 11% in sediment with 20% organic matter. Mean development rates were always higher for males than for females, and significant differences between sexes occurred consistently in controls and in treatments with our lowest concentration of 0.05 μg/l. Sex-specific differences in mean development rate decreased across the cypermethrin gradient, suggesting that male development was affected more than that of females at similar concentrations. We also found an increase in adult size across the concentration gradient in sediments lacking organic matter and suggest an increased feeding activity due to sublethal toxic stress as a probable causal mechanism. We speculate that the observed sex-specific effects on development rates and adult size can have strong repercussions on emergence timing and fecundity, respectively.

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“…The CY technical grade stock solution was dissolved previously in analytical grade ethanol (99% purity). The concentration of CY in each stock solution was analyzed by chromatographic methods using a GC-ECD with an HP 1.30 m 9 0.53 mm column, N 2 as a carrier, and a temperature ramp between 180 and 220°C, with a limit of detection of 0.01 mg/L (injected simple extract) (Marino and Ronco 2005).…”

Section: Exposure To Cymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lethal and sublethal effects of cypermethrin to Hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles

2010

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The study of the effects of the insecticide cypermethrin (CY) technical grade and its Sherpa® commercial formulation on Hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles assessing lethality, behavior, growth, and abnormalities under standardized laboratory conditions is reported. Observed behaviors were identified and categorized by means of a ranking system according to the loss of mobility. Results of acute lethal effects indicate higher potency for Sherpa® at this level of assessment. All effects on behavior showed an increasing degree of injury as insecticide concentration increased. Organisms exposed to technical grade CY showed lower body length with respect to controls from 3.44 µg CY/L to higher concentrations, whereas those exposed to Sherpa® exhibited lower growth from 0.83 µg CY/L. Both forms of the tested insecticide caused abnormalities between 0.34 and 4.18 µg CY/L, but 100% of malformed individuals was detected from 34.4 µg CY/L for those exposed to the technical grade CY, and from 8.36 µg CY/L for those exposed to Sherpa®. This study proposes the use of easily identifiable and distinguishable sublethal end-points. The high input loads of CY in natural environments, the detected concentrations in the field, in addition to the low levels of this insecticide required to induce sublethal effects (which could eventually lead to death), allow for the conclusion that the insecticide is a risk factor for amphibians inhabiting agroecosystems.

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Cypermethrin and Chlorpyrifos Concentration Levels in Surface Water Bodies of the Pampa Ondulada, Argentina

Cited by 197 publications

References 0 publications

Abnormalities in amphibian populations inhabiting agroecosystems in northeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

Abnormalities in amphibian populations inhabiting agroecosystems in northeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

Sublethal and sex-specific cypermethrin effects in toxicity tests with the midge Chironomus riparius Meigen

Lethal and sublethal effects of cypermethrin to Hypsiboas pulchellus tadpoles

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