Cynical Hostility, Anger Expression Style, and Acute Myocardial Infarction in Middle-aged Japanese Men

Izawa, Shuhei; Eto, Yumi; Yamada, Kosuke; Nakano, Masako; Yamada, Haruyo; Nagayama, Masatoshi; Kikuchi, Tetsutaro; Nomura, Shinobu

doi:10.1080/08964289.2011.585547

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In the past decade, studies on the psychosocial aspects of cardiovascular diseases emphasised the role of depression (7,(47)(48)(49) and hostility ⁄ irritability (7,(30)(31)(32), neglecting other psychosocial variables, such as type A behaviour. The presence of comorbidity (especially anxiety disorders and irritable mood) and of detrimental lifestyle attitudes in conjunction with a major depressive disorder were found to have considerable clinical implications (50)(51)(52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type A behaviour: a reappraisal of its characteristics in cardiovascular disease

Sirri¹,

Fava²,

Guidi³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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Summary Aims: The role of type A behaviour in cardiovascular disease is controversial and most of the research is based on self‐rating scales. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of type A behaviour in cardiology and in other medical settings using reliable interview methods that reflect its original description. Methods: A sample of 1398 consecutive medical patients (198 with heart transplantation, 153 with a myocardial infarction, 190 with functional gastrointestinal disorders, 104 with cancer, 545 with skin disorders and 208 referred for psychiatric consultation) was administered the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM‐IV and the Structured Interview for the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR) which identifies 12 clusters, including type A behaviour. Results: A cardiac condition was present in 366 patients. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of type A behaviour in cardiovascular disease (36.1%) compared with other medical disorders (10.8%). Type A behaviour frequently occurred together with psychiatric and psychosomatic disturbances, particularly irritable mood, even though in the majority of cases it was not associated with DSM‐IV diagnoses. Among cardiac patients, those with type A behaviour were less depressed, demoralised and worried about their illness. Conclusions: Type A behaviour was found to occur in about a third of cases of patients with cardiovascular disease. Only in a limited number of cases was it associated with depression. It has a lifestyle connotation that may have important clinical consequences as to stress vulnerability and illness behaviour.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type A behaviour: a reappraisal of its characteristics in cardiovascular disease

Sirri¹,

Fava²,

Guidi³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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“…Anger expression was operationalized with the Spielberger’s State Trait Anger Expression questionnaire (Spielberger, 1996), a theoretically-informed measure for characterizing anger expression that has been previously linked to hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular disease (Haukkala et al, 2010; Igna, Julkunen, & Vanhanen, 2009; Izawa et al, 2011). Spielberger’s Anger Expression Scales were developed in the early 1980s with the goal of identifying and measuring the typical ways people express anger (Spielberger, 2004; Spielberger, 1983; Spielberger, 1996) and is the most widely used and accepted anger scale (Mayne & Ambrose, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Anger, adiposity, and glucose control in nondiabetic adults: findings from MIDUS II

et al. 2012

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OBJECTIVE Anger has been linked to cardiovascular disease, but few studies have examined the relationship between anger and type 2 diabetes. The aim was to investigate associations among different indicators of anger expression, adiposity, and nondiabetic glucose metabolism in a national survey of adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were 939 adults without diabetes in the Midlife in the US study (MIDUS II). Glucose metabolism was characterized by fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Spielberger’s Anger Expression inventory was used to measure suppressed anger (anger-in), expressed anger (anger-out), and controlled anger (anger-control). We investigated the relationship between anger and glucose metabolism, and whether anger amplified the adverse relationship between body weight distribution (body mass index=BMI and waist-to-hip ratio=WHR) and glucose metabolism. RESULTS Multivariate-adjusted analyses revealed an association between anger-out and both insulin and insulin resistance. As predicted, anger-in amplified the relationships between BMI and insulin and insulin resistance, while anger-out amplified the association between WHR and insulin and insulin resistance. Low anger-control was associated with higher glucose. None of the three anger measures was significantly associated with HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS Our findings extend previous research on anger as a potential risk factor for type 2 diabetes by demonstrating that anger expression is associated with clinical indicators of glycemic control, especially among those with pre-existing risk due to obesity and high central adiposity.

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“…29 A Japanese study demonstrated that excessive cynical hostility increased the risk of MI and that anger management strategies could potentially be beneficial in reducing the risk of MI in middle-aged Japanese men. 30 Further evidence is required to establish or disprove any relationship between MI and anger.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Risk Factors of Myocardial Infarction: Turning Threat to Opportunity

Shah¹,

Hamza²,

Saeed³

et al. 2020

Nepalese Heart J.

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Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality in the developing world. Modifiable risk factors of MI such as obesity, diabetes, smoking, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia are well known but besides these, there are many psychosocial factors that are independently related to MI. There is a striking dearth of reviews in the literature that examine, collate and summarize the impact of psychological contributors to MI. Present work was done to cover such gaps in knowledge and emphasize the need for psychological risk factors of MI to be considered while devising prevention guidelines and policies. Original research studies, meta-analyses and systematic reviews focusing on psychological factors in the development of MI were retrieved from databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Elsevier, and Ovid Medline. Psychological factors like depression, anxiety, type A personality, stress, anger, hostility, social isolation and occupational stress were shown to feature consistently as risk factors for MI. Mitigating lifetime psychological distress may help decrease the disease burden of MI.

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Cynical Hostility, Anger Expression Style, and Acute Myocardial Infarction in Middle-aged Japanese Men

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Type A behaviour: a reappraisal of its characteristics in cardiovascular disease

Type A behaviour: a reappraisal of its characteristics in cardiovascular disease

Anger, adiposity, and glucose control in nondiabetic adults: findings from MIDUS II

Psychosocial Risk Factors of Myocardial Infarction: Turning Threat to Opportunity

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