Cynara cardunculus as a Multiuse Crop

Mauromicale, Giovanni; Pesce, Gaetano Roberto; Curt, María Dolores; Fernández, Jesús García; Gonzàlez, Jordi; Gominho, Jorge; Tabla, Rafael; Roa, Isidro; Portis, Ezio

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-20012-1_4

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…As a member of the Compositae family, the fruit of C. cardunculus is a cypsela, i.e. an achene originating from an inferior ovary [2], but it is commonly known as 'seed' and it is thus called throughout the entire manuscript. The plants were harvested from the central area (4 × 4 m) of each plot, by cutting them at about 5 cm above the soil level.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…], and their ancestor, the wild cardoon [C. cardunculus L. var. sylvestris (Lamk) Fiori] [1][2][3]. In addition to the traditional use for food [4,5], in recent years cultivated and wild cardoon have been considered for different industrial applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the traditional use for food [4,5], in recent years cultivated and wild cardoon have been considered for different industrial applications. These include for the production of cellulose, pulp, and paper, use in animal feeding, use of florets in the dairy industry, extraction of inulin and phytochemicals for pharmacological and cosmetic use [2,6,7], as well as use for its antimicrobial and bioherbicide action [8,9]. However, it is as a bioenergy crop that C. cardunculus is most promising in southern areas of Europe in relation to good adaptation to Mediterranean climate conditions of low rainfall and hot dry summers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomass, Seed and Energy Yield of Cynara cardunculus L. as Affected by Environment and Season

2020

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Cynara cardunculus is a perennial plant that adapts well to Mediterranean climate conditions. The possibility of cultivating C. cardunculus with low or zero input and in low productivity or marginal lands makes it one of the most promising crops for bioenergy production in the Mediterranean areas. The objective of the research was to study the effects of two marginal and contrasting southern Italian environments (plain, 42 m a.s.l. and hilly area, 419 m a.s.l.) during a three-year period on biomass, seed, energy yield, and oil composition of two genotypes of C. cardunculus (cultivated cardoon and wild cardoon). When compared to the plain, plants that were grown in the hills gave higher biomass yield (10.9 vs. 9.7 t DM ha−1 year−1), higher seed yield (0.46 vs. 0.44 t DM ha−1 year−1) and, consequently, higher total energy yield (190 vs. 172 GJ ha−1 year−1), attributable to higher average annual rainfall (680 vs. 565 mm year−1). The season, although only evaluated for three years (short cycle), showed a different effect based on the genotype, highlighting a greater over-time production constancy of wild cardoon (though less yielding) as compared to cultivated cardoon. Oil yield and composition were only slightly affected by environment and genotype. Overall, the results of this research suggest using C. cardunculus in marginal hilly areas, where, in addition to the production of bioenergy, it may represent a good chance to fight erosion and improve soil fertility, without competing with food crops.

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Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomass, Seed and Energy Yield of Cynara cardunculus L. as Affected by Environment and Season

2020

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“…Economical use of these genotypes is linked to both quantity and quality of seed production. Indeed, in the dry lands of the Mediterranean, C. cardunculus is a multipurpose crop both for its large biomass and seed production (Mauromicale et al, ). The whole plant or its parts (leaves, stems, flowers, seeds) are used for oil (Curt, Sanchez, & Fernández, ) and biodiesel (Pesce, Negri, Bacenetti, & Mauromicale, ) production, in animal feeding (Mauromicale et al, ), for nutraceutical (Pandino, Lombardo, Williamson, & Mauromicale, ) and ornamental applications (Lanteri, Portis, Acquadro, Mauro, & Mauromicale, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The whole plant or its parts (leaves, stems, flowers, seeds) are used for oil (Curt, Sanchez, & Fernández, ) and biodiesel (Pesce, Negri, Bacenetti, & Mauromicale, ) production, in animal feeding (Mauromicale et al, ), for nutraceutical (Pandino, Lombardo, Williamson, & Mauromicale, ) and ornamental applications (Lanteri, Portis, Acquadro, Mauro, & Mauromicale, ). Yields of nearly 1 t seeds ha −1 year −1 or 250 kg oil ha −1 year −1 are reported under a polyannual C. cardunculus cultivation in the Mediterranean region (Mauromicale et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect pollinators improve seed production in globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus)

Mazzeo

Scavo

Monaco

et al. 2020

Annals of Applied Biology

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The role of many insect species in crop pollination has been widely studied. The use of entomophilous pollination, commonly adopted for other crops, may be of key importance in order to improve seed yields in seed-propagated globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) cultivars. In this regard, in a 2-year field experiment, the role of two honeybees (Apis mellifera ligustica and A. mellifera siciliana) and one bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) was evaluated on the seed production of two globe artichoke cultivars in caged-protected environments. Overall, the number and weight of seeds plant −1 and head −1 , 1,000 seed weight and fruit setting were higher in caged plants with imposed pollination than open field plants. The pollination efficiency was both insect and cultivar dependent. Both honeybee species performed better on the Mediterranean cultivar 'Violetto di Sicilia', while the bumblebee performed better on the Brazilian cultivar 'NP4'. These results could be very useful to modernise the agronomic management of globe artichoke and reduce the costs of cultivation. In addition, such knowledge can be used to improve the seed production in globe artichoke seed-propagated cultivars and cardoon. This will benefit the bioenergy, nutraceutical, cosmetic and ornamental applications.

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Bioethanol Production from Globe Artichoke Residues: from the Field to the Fermenter

et al. 2022

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Cynara cardunculus as a Multiuse Crop

Cited by 15 publications

References 106 publications

Biomass, Seed and Energy Yield of Cynara cardunculus L. as Affected by Environment and Season

Biomass, Seed and Energy Yield of Cynara cardunculus L. as Affected by Environment and Season

Insect pollinators improve seed production in globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus)

Bioethanol Production from Globe Artichoke Residues: from the Field to the Fermenter

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