Cymene consumption and physical activity effect in Alzheimer’s disease model: an in vivo and in vitro study

Seifi-Nahavandi, Bahareh; Yaghmaei, Parichehreh; Ahmadian, Shahin; Ghobeh, Maryam; Ebrahim‐Habibi, Azadeh

doi:10.1007/s40200-020-00658-2

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…p -Cymene has excellent antioxidant potential in vivo and may act as a neuroprotective agent in the brain [ 32 ]. Moreover, this compound increased neurogenesis and reduced amyloid plaque counts in AD rats thanks to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties [ 53 ]. No previous studies have highlighted the possible scavenging activity of these two compounds against H 2 O 2 in vitro or in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells

Caputo

Amato

Martino

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Several researchers have demonstrated the health and pharmacological properties of carvacrol and p-cymene, monoterpenes of aromatic plants. This study investigated these compounds’ possible anti-cholinesterase, anti-α-amylase, and neuroprotective effects. We evaluated the anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-α-amylase activities at different concentrations of the compounds. The maximum non-toxic dose of carvacrol and p-cymene against SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells was determined using an MTT assay. The neuroprotective effects of the compounds were evaluated on H2O2-induced stress in SH-SY5Y cells, studying the expression of caspase-3 using Western blotting assays. Carvacrol showed inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 3.8 µg/mL) and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 32.7 µg/mL). Instead, the anti-α-amylase activity of carvacrol resulted in an IC50 value of 171.2 μg/mL After a pre-treatment with the maximum non-toxic dose of carvacrol and p-cymene, the expression of caspase-3 was reduced compared to cells treated with H2O2 alone. Carvacrol and p-cymene showed in vitro anti-enzymatic properties, and may act as neuroprotective agents against oxidative stress. Further studies are necessary to elucidate their possible use as coadjutants in preventing and treating AD in diabetic patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells

Caputo

Amato

Martino

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Asadbegi et al [ 16 ] demonstrated that thymol attenuated learning and memory impairment induced by intrahippocampal injection of amyloid beta peptide in high fat diet-fed rats. Additionally, Seifi-Nahavandi et al [ 57 ] reported that p -cymene improved memory performance in an Aβ1-42-iduced a rat model of AD. Furthermore, Kim et al [ 58 ] demonstrated a memory-enhancing effect of the γ-terpinene in amnesic mice, one of the identified compounds from the Abies koreana essential oil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil Prevents Behavioral and Oxidative Stress Changes in the Scopolamine Zebrafish Model

et al. 2021

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Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum has been used as medicinal herbs promoting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective activities. We investigated the protective effects and the mechanism of O. vulgare ssp. hirtum essential oil (OEO) on cognitive impairment and brain oxidative stress in a scopolamine (Sco)-induced zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of cognitive impairment. Our results show that exposure to Sco (100 µM) leads to anxiety, spatial memory, and response to novelty dysfunctions, whereas the administration of OEO (25, 150, and 300 µL/L, once daily for 13 days) reduced anxiety-like behavior and improved cognitive ability, which was confirmed by behavioral tests, such as the novel tank-diving test (NTT), Y-maze test, and novel object recognition test (NOR) in zebrafish. Additionally, Sco-induced brain oxidative stress and increasing of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were attenuated by the administration of OEO. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were used to elucidate the OEO composition, comprising thymol (38.82%), p-cymene (20.28%), and γ-terpinene (19.58%) as the main identified components. These findings suggest the ability of OEO to revert the Sco-induced cognitive deficits by restoring the cholinergic system activity and brain antioxidant status. Thus, OEO could be used as perspective sources of bioactive compounds, displaying valuable biological activities, with potential pharmaceutical applications.

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“…The rats were kept in cages with 2-3 animals per cage. One week of adaptation was considered and then, the rats were randomly assigned to the following groups (n = 6-8 32,33 and p-cymene 29,34 were selected based on the previous reports. Two months later, LTP was induced in DG using high-frequency stimulation (HFS).…”

Section: Animals and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 It improves AD-induced disorders, such as memory impairment through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and also direct anti-fibril effect. 29 Also, it has been shown that p-cymene acts as an inhibitor of Aβ peptide aggregation and Aβ-induced cytotoxicity. 30 The novelty of this work lies in the investigation of the effects of CAR and p-cymene on Aβ-induced LTP deficit in male rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of carvacrol and p‐cymene on Aβ_1‐42‐induced long‐term potentiation deficit in male rats

Kazemi,

Safari,

Komaki

et al. 2023

CNS Neurosci Ther

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AimsAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia in which oxidative stress plays an important role. In this disease, learning and memory and the cellular mechanism associated with it, long‐term potentiation (LTP), are impaired. Considering the beneficial effects of carvacrol (CAR) and p‐cymene against AD, their effect was assessed on in vivo hippocampal LTP in the perforant pathway (PP)‐dentate gyrus (DG) pathway in an Aβ1‐42‐induced rat model of AD.MethodsMale Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups: sham: intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of phosphate‐buffered saline, Aβ: ICV Aβ1‐42 injections, Aβ + CAR (50 mg/kg), Aβ + p‐cymene (50 mg/kg), and Aβ + CAR + p‐cymene. Administration of CAR and p‐cymene was done by gavage daily 4 weeks before and 4 weeks after the Aβ injection. The population spike (PS) amplitude and field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) slope were determined in DG against the applied stimulation to the PP.ResultsAβ‐treated rats exhibited impaired LTP induction in the PP‐DG synapses, resulting in significant reduction in both fEPSP slope and PS amplitude compared to the sham animals. Aβ‐treated rats consumed either CAR or p‐cymene separately (but not their combination), and showed an enhancement in fEPSP slope and PS amplitude of the DG granular cells.ConclusionsThese data indicate that CAR or p‐cymene can ameliorate Aβ‐associated changes in synaptic plasticity. Surprisingly, the combination of CAR and p‐cymene did not yield the same effect, suggesting a potential interaction between the two substances.

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Cymene consumption and physical activity effect in Alzheimer’s disease model: an in vivo and in vitro study

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells

Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells

Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil Prevents Behavioral and Oxidative Stress Changes in the Scopolamine Zebrafish Model

The effects of carvacrol and p‐cymene on Aβ_1‐42‐induced long‐term potentiation deficit in male rats

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Cymene consumption and physical activity effect in Alzheimer’s disease model: an in vivo and in vitro study

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells

Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells

Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil Prevents Behavioral and Oxidative Stress Changes in the Scopolamine Zebrafish Model

The effects of carvacrol and p‐cymene on Aβ1‐42‐induced long‐term potentiation deficit in male rats

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The effects of carvacrol and p‐cymene on Aβ_1‐42‐induced long‐term potentiation deficit in male rats