Cylindrical vector beam generator using a two-element interferometer

Mendoza-Hernández, Job; Ferrer-Garcia, Manuel F.; Rojas-Santana, Arturo; Lopez-Mago, Dorilian

doi:10.1364/oe.27.031810

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Experimentally, the complex beams described above can be generated in a wide variety of ways, which include interferometric arrays, [94][95][96] glass cones, 97,98 liquid crystal wave plates, 99,100 metamaterials, 101 spatial light modulators (SLMs), [102][103][104][105] and, in recent time, digital micromirror devices (DMDs). [106][107][108] Noteworthily, SLMs enable the generation of complex 2D and 3D shaped light beam patterns, which have significantly advanced the configurable optical trapping of particles.…”

Section: Optical Trapping With Structured Light Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical trapping with structured light: a review

et al. 2021

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Optical trapping describes the interaction between light and matter to manipulate micro-objects through momentum transfer. In the case of 3D trapping with a single beam, this is termed optical tweezers. Optical tweezers are a powerful and noninvasive tool for manipulating small objects, and have become indispensable in many fields, including physics, biology, soft condensed matter, among others. In the early days, optical trapping was typically accomplished with a single Gaussian beam. In recent years, we have witnessed rapid progress in the use of structured light beams with customized phase, amplitude, and polarization in optical trapping. Unusual beam properties, such as phase singularities on-axis and propagation invariant nature, have opened up novel capabilities to the study of micromanipulation in liquid, air, and vacuum. We summarize the recent advances in the field of optical trapping using structured light beams.

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Section: Optical Trapping With Structured Light Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical trapping with structured light: a review

et al. 2021

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“…Noteworthy, their high resemblance to quantum-entangled states by virtue of the non-separability of their component degrees of freedom has been the subject of several studies, which have enabled simulating quantum phenomena in the classical regime [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Given the high interest in vector beams, in the last two decades there has been intense interest in their generation, with techniques exploiting liquid crystal wave plates [16], glass cones [17,18], metamaterials [19], interferometric arrays [20][21][22][23], directly from lasers [24], liquid crystal spatial light modulators [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and digital micromirror devices [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Conversely, characterisation techniques are still somewhat limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the non-separability of spatially disjoint vectorial fields

Aiello¹,

Rodríguez-Fajardo²,

Hernández-Aranda³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Vectorial forms of structured light that are non-separable in their spatial and polarisation degrees of freedom have become topical of late, with an extensive toolkit for their creation and control. In contrast, the toolkit for quantifying their non-separability, the inhomogeneity of the polarisation structure, is far less developed, and in some cases fails altogether. To overcome this, here we introduce a new measure for vectorial light, which we demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally. We consider the general case where the local polarisation homogeneity can vary spatially across the field, from scalar to vector, a condition that can arise naturally if the composite scalar fields are path separable during propagation, leading to spatially disjoint vectorial light. We show how the new measure correctly accounts for the local path-like separability of the individual scalar beams, which can have varying degrees of disjointness, even though the global vectorial field remains intact. Our work attempts to address a pressing issue in the analysis of such complex light fields, and raises important questions on spatial coherence in the context of vectorially polarised light.

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“…SLMs, however, are polarization-dependent, allowing only the modulation of linear polarization (typically horizontal). Thus, for generating arbitrary vector modes with SLMs, the transverse profiles of both polarization components have to be manipulated independently, either in interferometric arrays containing one or two SLMs [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] or via a temporal sequence using a double pass over a single SLM [21,22]. Besides, their high price, low refresh rate (60Hz), polarization-sensitivity, wavelength dependency, and low efficiency, also represent serious disadvantages in many applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and characterization of complex vector modes with digital micromirror devices

Hu,

Guzman

2021

Preprint

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Complex vector light modes with a spatial variant polarization distribution have become topical of late, enabling the development of novel applications in numerous research fields. Key to this is the remarkable similarities they hold with quantum entangled states, which arises from the non-separability between the spatial and polarisation degrees of freedom (DoF). As such, the demand for diversification of generation methods and characterization techniques have increased dramatically. Here we put forward a comprehensive tutorial about the use of DMDs in the generation and characterization of vector modes, providing details on the implementation of techniques that fully exploits the unsurpassed advantage of Digital Micromirrors Devices (DMDs), such as their high refresh rates and polarisation independence. We start by briefly describing the operating principles of DMD and follow with a thorough explanation of some of the methods to shape arbitrary vector modes. Finally, we describe some techniques aiming at the real-time characterization of vector beams. This tutorial highlights the value of DMDs as an alternative tool for the generation and characterization of complex vector light fields, of great relevance in a wide variety of applications.

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Cylindrical vector beam generator using a two-element interferometer

Cited by 28 publications

References 45 publications

Optical trapping with structured light: a review

Optical trapping with structured light: a review

Measuring the non-separability of spatially disjoint vectorial fields

Generation and characterization of complex vector modes with digital micromirror devices

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