Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna-Based Sensors for Liquid Chemical Detection

Iqbal, Amjad; Smida, Besma; Saraereh, Omar A.; Alsafasfeh, Qais; Mallat, Nazih Khaddaj; Lee, Byung Moo

doi:10.3390/s19051200

Cited by 46 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…The simulated and measured results of Mode 1 are shown in Figures 3 and 4. In Mode 1, the CDRA is excited through a rectangular slot (acting as a horizontal magnetic dipole) [30]- [31] for generating the HEM x 11δ mode of the CDR at 3.5 GHz. The current distribution of the ground plane of the antenna shows a somehow uniform current distribution around the corners of the slot, but most of the current lies on the terminating side of the transmission line which enhances HEM x 11δ mode excitation, as shown in Figure 3(b).…”

Section: Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric resonator antenna with reconfigurable polarization states

Iqbal

Waly

Smida

et al. 2021

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

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This study presents a simple and low-profile cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) for the fifth-generation (5G) band (3.5 GHz) with switchable polarization. The antenna can operate with linear or circular polarization (right-handed circular polarization [RHCP] or left-handed circular polarization [LHCP]) by changing the states of the PIN diodes below the CDRA, while keeping the same operating frequencies. The antenna operates at three modes (Mode 1, Mode 2, and Mode 3). It exhibits linear polarization in Mode 1, RHCP in Mode 2, and LHCP in Mode 3. The 10-dB bandwidths of 750 MHz (3.1-3.85 GHz), 950 MHz (3.03-3.98 GHz), and 960 MHz (3.03-3.99 GHz) are noted for Mode 1, Mode 2, and Mode 3, respectively. The 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 22.2% (3.09-3.86 GHz) and 21.4% (3.08-3.82 GHz) is achieved for Mode 2 and Mode 3, respectively.The reported antenna has high gain ( >5.25 dBi for all operating modes) and high radiation efficiency ( >79.8% for all operating modes). The proposed antenna is suitable for use in polarization diversity applications.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric resonator antenna with reconfigurable polarization states

Iqbal

Waly

Smida

et al. 2021

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

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“…Much research has focused on cylindrical DRAs [28], [37]- [40]. In [38] and [39], the DRA device is used as sensors for wireless networks and liquid chemical detection applications, respectively. In these structures, the TM and quasi-TM modes can be excited by placing the dielectric disk on the ground plane [41].…”

Section: Characteristic Modes Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenna for Ultra-Wideband Applications With Non-Uniform Defected Ground Plane and Offset Aperture-Coupled Cylindrical Dielectric Resonators

et al. 2019

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A new compact Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CDRA) with a defected ground for ultra-wideband applications is presented. The structure is based on two cylindrical dielectric resonators asymmetrically located with respect to the center of an offset rectangular coupling aperture, with consideration of three and four Dielectric Resonators (DR). The resonant modes generated by the defected ground are studied and investigated. A parametric optimization study of the antenna design has been carried out to determine the optimal dimensions of the defected ground plane, resulting in an impedance bandwidth of over 133% that covers the frequency band from 3.6 GHz to 18.0 GHz. A power gain of about 7.9 dBi has been achieved. Design details and measured and simulated results are presented and discussed. INDEX TERMS Cylindrical dielectric resonators antenna, ultra-wideband, defected ground structure.

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“…For characterising the biochemical materials, their dielectric constants have been extensively studied [3–7 ]. This is due to the fact that each material has its individual dielectric constant, and it changes with material composition, moisture and water content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike non‐resonant sensors, resonant sensors are narrowband and provide higher accuracy [3 ], and are widely used nowadays for detection and characterisation of materials, including biochemicals [4–7 ]. For example, in [4, 5 ], dielectric resonator sensors have been used for characterising aqueous samples; however, their non‐planar nature and complex fabrication limits the usage. Similarly, in [6, 7 ], substrate‐integrated waveguide‐based sensors have been used for the aqueous sample under test (SUT) as a planar solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐time non‐intrusive RF biochemical sensor

2020

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In this Letter, a non‐destructive microwave resonant sensor based on the modified complementary split‐ring resonator has been proposed and analysed with respect to its sensitivity for detecting the aqueous biochemicals. This technique is based on the perturbation theory and only requires to measure resonant frequency and hence, achieving a substantial reduction in the computation time and cost. The proposed sensor is designed to achieve high sensitivity performance with a measured quality factor of the sensor in the bare state, Q B = 631.5, at the centre frequency of f o = 6.31 GHz. The proposed sensor has a maximum sensitivity of S = 6.23 MHz with respect to a unit change in the dielectric constant value. A numerical model is developed for the dielectric constant of the biochemicals as a function of the resonant frequency. The proposed sensor, therefore, provides high sensitivity, simple structure layout and real‐time response with cost effectiveness. The proposed structure can be a potential candidate for the non‐intrusive sensing of aqueous biochemicals.

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Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna-Based Sensors for Liquid Chemical Detection

Cited by 46 publications

References 23 publications

Dielectric resonator antenna with reconfigurable polarization states

Dielectric resonator antenna with reconfigurable polarization states

Antenna for Ultra-Wideband Applications With Non-Uniform Defected Ground Plane and Offset Aperture-Coupled Cylindrical Dielectric Resonators

Real‐time non‐intrusive RF biochemical sensor

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