Cyclosporine in Veterinary Dermatology

Palmeiro, B.

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2012.09.007

Cited by 40 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Administration of cyclosporine has been shown to be effective and safe in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (recently reviewed by Palmeiro [15]). Here, we confirm that cyclosporine administered at 5 mg/kg once daily for 28 days administered concurrently with prednisolone administered for the first 20 days (1 mg/kg once daily for one week followed by 1 mg/kg once every other day for a further seven doses) was safe and resulted in a rapid reduction of pruritus in dogs treated for atopic dermatitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent short-term use of prednisolone with cyclosporine A accelerates pruritus reduction and improvement in clinical scoring in dogs with atopic dermatitis

et al. 2013

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BackgroundA randomized, unmasked, multicenter study was conducted to evaluate the rate of pruritus reduction and improvement in clinical scoring by cyclosporine A (5 mg/kg orally, once daily for 28 days) either alone (n = 25 dogs) or with concurrent prednisolone (1 mg/kg once daily for 7 days, followed by alternate dosing for 14 days; n = 23 dogs) for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in dogs. Dogs were included in the study after exclusion of other causes of pruritic dermatitis, and were assessed by dermatologists on days 0, 14 ± 1 and 28 ± 2. Assessments included: general physical examination, CADESI-03 lesion scoring, overall clinical response, evaluation of adverse events (AEs), body weight and clinical pathology (hematology, clinical chemistry and urinalysis). Owner assessments, including pruritus (visual analogue scale, VAS) and overall assessment of response were conducted every 3–4 days, either during visits to the clinic or at home. Owners reported AEs to the investigator throughout the study.ResultsBy day 28 ± 2 both treatment groups resulted in a significant improvement of the atopic dermatitis. Both investigators and owners agreed that concurrent therapy resulted in a quicker improvement of the dogs ‘overall’ skin condition and of pruritus (significant reduction of pruritus by day 3–4, 72.8% improvement by day 14 ± 1), when compared to cyclosporine A alone (significant reduction of pruritus by day 7–8, 24.7% improvement by day 14 ± 1). CADESI-03 scores significantly improved in both groups by day 14 ± 1 onwards, and there were no significant differences in the scores between treatment groups at any time points. A total of 56 AEs (cyclosporine A alone = 34; concurrent therapy = 22) were reported in 33 dogs. No dogs died or stopped treatment due to an AE. The most commonly reported AEs in the cyclosporine A group were associated with the digestive tract, whilst systemic disorders were reported more frequently observed following concurrent therapy. Evaluation of body weight change and clinical pathology indices showed no overall clinically significant abnormalities.ConclusionsIn dogs with atopic dermatitis, a short initiating course of prednisolone expedited the efficacy of cyclosporine A in resolving pruritus and associated clinical signs. The observed adverse events were consistent with those expected for the individual veterinary medicinal products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent short-term use of prednisolone with cyclosporine A accelerates pruritus reduction and improvement in clinical scoring in dogs with atopic dermatitis

et al. 2013

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“…Multiple publications have documented that gastrointestinal signs are the most common side effects in dogs treated with CsA for atopic dermatitis. 25–28 Gingival hyperplasia was the second most common side effect observed in our study, but typically can be managed with azithromycin or gingivectomy if needed. 57,58 Urinary tract infections and opportunistic infections have also been infrequently observed with CsA therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Cyclosporine (CsA) is an immunomodulatory medication that inhibits the activation and proliferation of T-lymphocytes. 24 CsA has proven effective in dogs and humans in the management of various immune mediated disorders including atopic dermatitis, 25–28 immune mediated thrombocytopenia, 29 inflammatory bowel disease, 30 immune-mediated polyarthritis, 31 and renal transplantation. 32 CsA is well tolerated in most dogs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common reported adverse side effects associated with CsA in dogs are gastrointestinal signs 25–28 and less commonly, opportunistic infections, 33–37 gingival hyperplasia, 38 papillomatosis, and hirsuitism. 25–28 Although prednisone and azathioprine are first line immunosuppressive therapies for immune hepatitis in humans, CsA had been successfully used as a second line therapy in patients that are refractory or intolerant of this drug combination. 39,40 To date, no study has evaluated the use of CsA in the treatment of suspected immune mediated CH in dogs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Retrospective Evaluation of Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis in Dogs: 2010-2017

Tarini

Yoko

Sangeeta

et al. 2018

Preprint

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BackgroundIdiopathic chronic hepatitis (CH) in dogs is a prevalent hepatic disorder. The etiology is poorly understood; however, there is evidence to support an immune-mediated pathogenesis. No literature exists investigating the efficacy of cyclosporine (CsA) therapy for CH in dogs.ObjectivesTo retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and adverse side effects of CsA in the treatment of CH in dogs, and to identify factors that impact response to CsA therapy.Animals48 client-owned dogs diagnosed with CH treated with CsA for at least 2 weeks.MethodsRetrospective review of medical records between the years 2010-2017.ResultsTwenty-two breeds of dogs were included of which 54% were spayed females, 42% neutered males and 4% intact males. Median age was 8.5 years (range, 0.7-14 years). Complete remission (normalization of alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) in response to CsA was attained in 79% of dogs (38/48). Median dose of CsA at the time of remission was 7.9 mg/kg/day (range, 2.5-12.7mg/kg/day) and median time to remission was 2.5 months (range, 0.75-18 months). None of the factors evaluated including clinical score, presence of ascites, hypoalbuminemia, hyperbilirubinemia, prolonged coagulation times, dose, or duration of therapy influenced remission. Common side effects were gastrointestinal signs in 38% (18/48) and gingival hyperplasia in 25% (12/48) of dogs.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceCsA proved to be a tolerated and effective medication in attaining remission in dogs with idiopathic CH based on normalization of serum ALT. None of the evaluated factors were shown to negatively impact response to CsA or remission of disease.

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“…The dog in this report received cyclosporine and prednisolone in high dosages for the treatment of lymphangiectasia and IBD for 3 months prior to the presentation. Cyclosporine inhibits the function of T cells and the production of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, interferon (INF)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, thus affecting the skin immune response (37). Prednisolon as a glucocorticoid inhibits the immune response in various ways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous alternariosis in an immunocompromised dog successfully treated with cold plasma and cessation of immunosuppressive medication

Claßen

Dengler²,

Klinger³

et al. 2017

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

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A cutaneous infection with Alternaria spp. was diagnosed in a 2-year-old male intact Irish setter dog, presenting with multifocal papules, plaques and ulcerations involving all four distal limbs, shoulder blades, scrotum, pinnae and nasal mucous membranes. The dog had been treated for inflammatory bowel disease and lymphangiectasia with immunosuppressive doses of cyclosporine and prednisolone for approximately 3 months. The diagnosis was based on clinical signs, the demonstration of fungal elements within skin biopsies, deep fungal culture and fungal PCR from a formalin-fixed tissue specimen. Complete clinical remission was achieved by tapering and cessation of the immunosuppressive medication, treatment with cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAPP) and topical enilconazole within 8 weeks.

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Cyclosporine in Veterinary Dermatology

Cited by 40 publications

References 73 publications

Concurrent short-term use of prednisolone with cyclosporine A accelerates pruritus reduction and improvement in clinical scoring in dogs with atopic dermatitis

Concurrent short-term use of prednisolone with cyclosporine A accelerates pruritus reduction and improvement in clinical scoring in dogs with atopic dermatitis

Retrospective Evaluation of Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis in Dogs: 2010-2017

Cutaneous alternariosis in an immunocompromised dog successfully treated with cold plasma and cessation of immunosuppressive medication

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