Cyclosporin-induced trichomegaly of accessory lashes as a cause of ocular irritation

Jayamanne, D G R; Dayan, M. R.; Porter, R.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.ndt.a027477

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Similar results were found when LG fluid flow from the excretory lacrimal duct was measured after topical administration of CsA eyedrops in normal rabbits. This lacrimatory response was too rapid to be attributable to the immunosuppressive action of CsA,4,5,8,34,35 and it seemed to differ from the typical immunologic and anti-inflammatory actions of this drug. In humans, the suppression of inflammation and immune reactions by CsA occurs slowly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Neurologic Evaluation of Acute Lacrimomimetic Effect of Cyclosporine in an Experimental Rabbit Dry Eye Model

Toshida

Nguyen

Beuerman

et al. 2009

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE To evaluate neurologically acute lacrimation caused by cyclosporine (CsA) eyedrops in rabbit. METHODS Normal adult male New Zealand White rabbits and those that underwent parasympathectomy each received a single instillation of 0.1% CsA or vehicle eyedrops. Schirmer tear test (STT) results, flow rate of lacrimal gland (LG) fluid from the excretory lacrimal duct of the main LG, and blink rate (over a 3-minute period) were measured before and after instillation of CsA or vehicle. Light microscopy was performed to examine the main LG in vitro. Protein release from LG fragments was assessed after incubation with CsA for 30 minutes. RESULTS In normal rabbits, the STT value and the flow rate of LG fluid were significantly increased after treatment with CsA compared with vehicle (P < 0.05). In contrast, no changes were found in denervated eyes. The blink rate of CsA-treated eyes was significantly higher than that of vehicle- treated eyes in normal rabbits (P < 0.005), whereas that of denervated eyes decreased significantly after CsA instillation compared with before administration (P < 0.005). Light microscopy showed that the cytoplasm of acinar cells was packed with secretory granules in denervated LG tissue 7 days after parasympathectomy. The same finding was observed 3 hours after CsA instillation. CsA had no stimulatory effect on protein release by acinar cells in LG fragments at all concentrations tested. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that CsA has no direct effect on tear fluid secretion from the LG in an acute model. Instead, CsA increases reflex tear flow.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…An irritant effect of CsA has been reported 34,35,38,39. Solch et al40 found that CsA eyedrops caused itching in volunteers during a clinical trial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurologic Evaluation of Acute Lacrimomimetic Effect of Cyclosporine in an Experimental Rabbit Dry Eye Model

Toshida

Nguyen

Beuerman

et al. 2009

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…“Secondary” or acquired trichomegaly has also been observed in systemic diseases with immune system involvement, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (19), dermatomyositis (20), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (21–24), and during treatment with interferon (IFN)‐α (6–8), cyclosporine (9,10), and latanoprost (11–18). However, none of our patients had any of these diseases, and none were treated with these drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eyelash Length in Children and Adolescents with Allergic Diseases

Levy

Segal

Ben‐Amitai

et al. 2004

Pediatric Dermatology

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Long eyelashes may be congenital, acquired in association with certain systemic diseases, or drug induced. In the past, long eyelashes were considered an external sign found in children with allergic diseases. However, this claim has never been examined in a controlled study. We compared the eyelash lengths of allergic children and adolescents with perennial allergic rhinitis, with or without bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis (n = 60) to those of age- and sex-matched nonallergic controls (n = 80). The eyelashes of the allergic patients were found to be significantly longer than those of the controls: 9.43 +/- 1.39 mm versus 8.45 +/- 1.30 mm (p < 0.001). Eyelash length did not differ between patients with allergic rhinitis only (n = 31; 9.65 +/- 1.43 mm) and patients with allergic rhinitis and other allergic diseases (n = 29; 9.19 +/- 1.31 mm) (p = 0.196). These results indicate that children and adolescents with allergic diseases have longer eyelashes compared to nonatopic controls and that long eyelashes may be a part of the phenotype of the allergic patient.

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“…A report of eyelash trichomegaly with distichiasis (the presence of accessory eyelashes that are located in or near the openings of the Meibomian glands) in a patient treated with long‐term cyclosporine therapy was published in 1996 6 . A 54‐year‐old man, who had received a renal allograft for glomerulonephritis, presented for recurrent episodes of bilateral eye discomfort that had been ongoing for several years.…”

Section: Cyclosporinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The morphology of his lashes was studied using a scanning electron microscope and compared with the lashes of control subjects. Apart from being longer and thicker, the cyclosporine‐treated patient’s eyelashes also showed large, irregular, and poorly adherent keratin cuticular plates 6 …”

Section: Cyclosporinementioning

confidence: 99%

Eyelash trichomegaly: review of congenital, acquired, and drug‐associated etiologies for elongation of the eyelashes

Paul¹,

Cohen

Kurzrock

2012

Int J Dermatology

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Eyelash trichomegaly is defined as eyelashes which are found to be of increased length, thickness, and pigmentation. This unique finding can be present at birth as part of a variety of congenital syndromes or as a benign familial trait. There are also acquired conditions and drugs that are known to cause these changes. Case reports and clinical studies in the medical literature concerning eyelash trichomegaly were investigated and summarized to compile a comprehensive review of the etiology of eyelash trichomegaly. Previously published reviews and studies that report on the finding of increased generalized hair growth and which do not specifically mention eyelashes were not included. Trichomegaly of the eyelashes may occur as a key feature among rare congenital syndromes, develop in association with certain acquired diseases, or present as an intended or treatment-related adverse drug effect. Eyelash trichomegaly may be present from birth or manifest later in life in association with acquired diseases or drug therapy. The relevance of this finding may be benign, however eyelash trichomegaly in some individuals can be a symptom for immune dysfunction or a clinical measure of response to drug therapy.

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Cyclosporin-induced trichomegaly of accessory lashes as a cause of ocular irritation

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Neurologic Evaluation of Acute Lacrimomimetic Effect of Cyclosporine in an Experimental Rabbit Dry Eye Model

Neurologic Evaluation of Acute Lacrimomimetic Effect of Cyclosporine in an Experimental Rabbit Dry Eye Model

Eyelash Length in Children and Adolescents with Allergic Diseases

Eyelash trichomegaly: review of congenital, acquired, and drug‐associated etiologies for elongation of the eyelashes

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