Cyclopropenoic fatty acids in gymnosperms: The seed oil of <i>Welwitschia</i>

Aitzetmüller, K.; Vosmann, Klaus

doi:10.1007/s11746-998-0329-8

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although this genus shows the occurrence of Clostridium sp., the symbiont differs from the taxonomically related OTUs of the other pyrrhocorids, and the two actinobacterial symbionts are entirely lacking in Probergrothius. Despite the absence of these symbionts, some of the Probergrothius species successfully exploit Malvales seeds, whereas others feed on Welwitschia seeds (Wetschnig and Depisch, 1999;Goel and Chatterjee 2003), which contain CPFAs as well (Aitzetmuller and Vosmann, 1998). Assuming that the switch to Malvales host plants already occurred at the base of the Pyrrhocoridae, it likely coincided with the transition from crypt-associated symbionts to an anaerobic midgut community, whereas the acquisition of the characteristic core microbiota only happened secondarily after the split from Probergrothius.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary transition in symbiotic syndromes enabled diversification of phytophagous insects on an imbalanced diet

et al. 2015

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Evolutionary adaptations for the exploitation of nutritionally challenging or toxic host plants represent a major force driving the diversification of phytophagous insects. Although symbiotic bacteria are known to have essential nutritional roles for insects, examples of radiations into novel ecological niches following the acquisition of specific symbionts remain scarce. Here we characterized the microbiota across bugs of the family Pyrrhocoridae and investigated whether the acquisition of vitamin-supplementing symbionts enabled the hosts to diversify into the nutritionally imbalanced and chemically well-defended seeds of Malvales plants as a food source. Our results indicate that vitamin-provisioning Actinobacteria (Coriobacterium and Gordonibacter), as well as Firmicutes (Clostridium) and Proteobacteria (Klebsiella) are widespread across Pyrrhocoridae, but absent from the sister family Largidae and other outgroup taxa. Despite the consistent association with a specific microbiota, the Pyrrhocoridae phylogeny is neither congruent with a dendrogram based on the hosts' microbial community profiles nor phylogenies of individual symbiont strains, indicating frequent horizontal exchange of symbiotic partners. Phylogenetic dating analyses based on the fossil record reveal an origin of the Pyrrhocoridae core microbiota in the late Cretaceous (81.2-86.5 million years ago), following the transition from crypt-associated beta-proteobacterial symbionts to an anaerobic community localized in the M3 region of the midgut. The change in symbiotic syndromes (that is, symbiont identity and localization) and the acquisition of the pyrrhocorid core microbiota followed the evolution of their preferred host plants (Malvales), suggesting that the symbionts facilitated their hosts' adaptation to this imbalanced nutritional resource and enabled the subsequent diversification in a competition-poor ecological niche.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary transition in symbiotic syndromes enabled diversification of phytophagous insects on an imbalanced diet

et al. 2015

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“…These fatty acids occur in the seeds from all Coniferophyte families studied so far, encompassing approximately 180 species [3][4][5][6] (almost one-fourth of extant species). Known exceptions that do not contain DELTA5-UPIFA belong to the Cycadophytes [10,11]. Sciadonic acid (a C20 DELTA5-UPIFA), in particular, is a constant lipid component in the seed and leaf lipids of gymnosperms containing DELTA5-UPIFA [12], whereas the presence of other DELTA5-UPIFA (in particular C18 DELTA5-UPIFA) is much more variable.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in Araucariaceae, a unique feature among seed plants

Wolff

Christie

Aizetmuller

et al. 2000

OCL

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Résumé :Il est généralement admis que les plantes à graines (spermaphytes) ne sont pas capables de synthétiser les acides arachidonique ou éicosapentaénoïque (AA et AEP). Nous montrons ici, à l'aide de techniques chromatographiques et spectrométriques, que des espèces de la famille primitive Araucariaceae (gymnospermes) sont capables de synthétiser en faibles quantités ces acides dans leurs graines et feuilles. Agathis robusta, en particulier, contient à la fois l'AA et l'AEP dans ses graines, mais est dépourvu d'acides D5-insaturés polyméthylène-interrompus (D5-IPMI) à 18 atomes de carbone, alors que les espèces d'Araucaria étudiées en contiennent. En revanche, les deux genres contiennent des acides D5-IPMI, caractéristiques de tous les Coniférophytes. Tous les intermédiaires métaboliques de l'AA et/ou de l'AEP ont été caractérisés dans les graines d'Araucariaceae. L'intérêt de ces observations est discuté dans le cadre de la phylogénie des Coniférophytes. Summary :It is generally admitted that seed plants (spermaphytes) are unable to synthesize either arachidonic or eicosapentaenoic acids (AA and EPA), the classic essential fatty acids in animals. We give here chromatographic and spectrometric data showing that species from the primitive family Araucariaceae (gymnosperms) are able to synthesize AA and/or EPA in their seeds and leaves. Agathis robusta, in particular, contains AA and EPA in small amounts in its seeds, with no D5-unsaturated polymethylene-interrupted fatty acids (D5-UPIFA) with 18 carbon atoms, whereas Araucaria spp. contain both AA and C18 D5-UPIFA. In both species, D5-UPIFA with 20 carbon atoms are present as in all other Coniferophytes. All metabolic intermediates necessary for the biosynthesis of AA and/or EPA have been characterized in Araucariaceae seeds. The relevance of these observations is discussed with regard to the phylogeny of Coniferophytes. Mots-clés :Agathis spp., acide arachidonique, acide éicosapentaénoïque, Araucaria spp., Araucariaceae, chromatographie en phase gazeuse, chromatographie d'argentation sur couche mince, composition en acides gras, Coniférophytes, phylogénie, spectrométrie de masse.Keywords : Agathis spp., arachidonic acid, Araucaria spp., Araucariaceae, argentation thin-layerchromatography, Coniferophytes, eicosapentaenoic acid, fatty acid composition, gas-liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, phylogeny.Article disponible sur le site http://www.ocl-journal.org ou http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl.2000.0113 Arachidonic (5,8,11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and eicosapentaenoic (5,8,11,14,17-20:5) acids are the classic essential fatty acids in animals that otherwise have not yet been characterized with certainty in spermaphytes (seed plants) [1]. At most, a few angiosperm species can synthesize their more immediate precursors gamma-linolenic (6,9,12-18:3) and stearidonic (6,9,12,15-18:4) acids from linoleic (9,12-18:2) and alpha-linolenic (9,12,15-18:3) acids, respectively, but they cannot further process these fatty acids. In contrast, plants of lower phyletic r...

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“…Comparatively, the third species G. gaudichaudii was lack of bioactivity report. Plant seeds are important oil sources of nutritional and pharmaceutical industries, and therefore detailed knowledge of the chemical composition of seed oil is very important for their application [11,12]. However, the comprehensive constitution of Garcinia seed oils is still poorly investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acid, Tocopherol, Sterol Compositions and Antioxidant Activity of Three Garcinia Seed Oils

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The fatty acid, tocopherol, and sterol contents of the extracted seed oils from three Garcinia species, including G. hanburyi Hook. f., G. multiflora Champ. ex Benth., and G. gaudichaudii Planch. & Triana, were analyzed. The results showed that the Garcinia seeds contained a high amount of oil (16.28-29.91%). The major monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids were oleic acid (82.97 % in G. multiflora and 45.37 % in G. hanburyi) and stearic acid (58.87 % in G. gaudichaudii and 50.12 % in G. hanburyi). In addition, three extracted oils exhibited moderate antioxidant activity with G. hanburyi displayed the strongest activity with IC 50 value of 6.34± 0.43 μg /mL or EC 50 = 11.71 ± 0.22 μg /mL.

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Cyclopropenoic fatty acids in gymnosperms: The seed oil of Welwitschia

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Evolutionary transition in symbiotic syndromes enabled diversification of phytophagous insects on an imbalanced diet

Evolutionary transition in symbiotic syndromes enabled diversification of phytophagous insects on an imbalanced diet

Arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in Araucariaceae, a unique feature among seed plants

Fatty Acid, Tocopherol, Sterol Compositions and Antioxidant Activity of Three Garcinia Seed Oils

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