“…Possible mediators of MCU-independent mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake include the Ca 2+ /H + exchanger Leucine Zipper And EF-Hand Containing Transmembrane Protein 1 (Letm1) [ 150 , 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 ] and the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) [ 130 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 ]. These aspects are not surprising since MCU Ca 2+ sensitivity has been shown [ 164 ] to be quite low (K d ~20–30 μMol) and, as such, resting cytosolic Ca 2+ can be insufficient to trigger MCU activity [ 120 , 139 , 165 , 166 ]. On the other hand, it is important to define what the basal cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration in cardiomyocytes is, as well as the difference between basal cytosolic Ca 2+ in normal versus failing cardiomyocytes when associated with a defective RyR2 leak or reduced SERCA2a activity.…”