Cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide synthase in the presympathetic neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus are involved in restraint stress-induced sympathetic activation in rats

Yamaguchi, Naoko; Ogawa, Sonoko; Okada, Shoshiro

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.07.051

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…They were retained in an acrylic rodent restrainer (KN-325, Natsume, Tokyo, Japan; type C-4 [63-mm diameter × 216 mm] for young males and old females; type C-5 [89-mm diameter × 228 mm] for old males) for 1 h per day. The duration of stress exposure was decided based on previous studies showing the HPA responses to acute restraint stress (Figueiredo et al., 2002, Liu et al., 2011) and our previous study (Yamaguchi et al., 2010). It has been reported that repeated exposure to a homotypic stressor generally results in habituation of HPA response, and that daily exposure to 2-hr restraint stress for 1–4 weeks produces habituation of corticosterone response (Melia et al., 1994, Natelson et al., 1988).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 52%

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Effects of aging on stress-related responses of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus of male rats

Yamaguchi

Nakajima

Okada

et al. 2016

Neurobiology of Stress

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Responses to various stressors in the brain change with age. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying age-dependent changes in stress responses. It is known that serotonin, a stress-related transmitter, is closely related with the regulation of stress responses in the brain and that serotonergic function is modulated by various factors, including estrogen, in both sexes. In the present study, to elucidate the effects of aging on stress responses in serotonergic neurons, we examined the expression levels of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH; a marker of serotonergic neurons) in the dorsal, ventral and lateral parts of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) in young and old intact male rats. In young males, repeated restraint stress significantly increased the number of TPH-positive cells in all subdivisions of the DRN. In contrast, the stress-induced increase in TPH expression was only observed in the ventral part of the DRN in old males. Pretreatment with an estrogen receptor β antagonist had no effect on the number of TPH-positive cells in the dorsal and lateral DRN in young stressed males, whereas the antagonist decreased the number of TPH-positive cells in all DRN subdivisions in old stressed males. Our results suggest that the effects of repeated stress exposure on the expression of TPH in serotonergic neurons in the DRN change with age and that estrogenic effects via estrogen receptor β on TPH expression in stressed old males differ from those in young males.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Stress exposure was performed according to our previous report (Yamaguchi et al., 2010) with slight modifications. They were retained in an acrylic rodent restrainer (KN-325, Natsume, Tokyo, Japan; type C-4 [63-mm diameter × 216 mm] for young males and old females; type C-5 [89-mm diameter × 228 mm] for old males) for 1 h per day.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aging on stress-related responses of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus of male rats

Yamaguchi

Nakajima

Okada

et al. 2016

Neurobiology of Stress

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“…Although several lines of evidence suggest that neurons expressing CRF 1 in the RVLM and PVN may have a role in blood pressure regulation (Justice et al, 2008; Ku et al, 1998; Milner et al, 1993; Yamaguchi et al, 2010), the expression of CRF 1 in cardiovascular-related neuronal phenotypes in these brain areas in the mouse is not known.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in NMDA GluN1 plasticity in rostral ventrolateral medulla neurons containing corticotropin-releasing factor type 1 receptor following slow-pressor angiotensin II hypertension

et al. 2015

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There are profound, yet incompletely understood, sex differences in the neurogenic regulation of blood pressure. Both corticotrophin signaling and glutamate receptor plasticity, which differ between males and females, are known to play important roles in the neural regulation of blood pressure. However, the relationship between hypertension and glutamate plasticity in corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRF) receptive neurons in brain cardiovascular regulatory areas, including the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), is not understood. In the present study, we used dual label immunoelectron microscopy to analyze sex differences in slow-pressor angiotensin II (AngII) hypertension with respect to the subcellular distribution of the obligatory GluN1 subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) in the RVLM and PVN. Studies were conducted in mice expressing the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) under the control of the CRF type 1 receptor (CRF1) promoter (i.e., CRF1-EGFP reporter mice). By light microscopy, GluN1-immunoreactivity was found in CRF1-EGFP neurons of the RVLM and PVN. Moreover, in both regions tyrosine hydroxylase was found in CRF1-EGFP neurons. In response to AngII, male mice showed an elevation in blood pressure that was associated with an increase in the proportion of GluN1 on presumably functional areas of the plasma membrane in CRF1-EGFP dendritic profiles in the RVLM. In female mice, AngII was neither associated with an increase in blood pressure nor an increase in plasma membrane GluN1 in the RVLM. Unlike the RVLM, AngII-mediated hypertension had no effect on GluN1 localization in CRF1-EGFP dendrites in the PVN of either male or female mice. These studies provide an anatomical mechanism for sex-differences in the convergent modulation of RVLM catecholaminergic neurons by CRF and glutamate. Moreover, these results suggest that sexual dimorphism in AngII-induced hypertension is reflected by NMDA receptor trafficking in presumptive sympathoexcitatory neurons in the RVLM.

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“…NO is thought to modulate synaptic transmission through the activation of guanylate cyclase (GC), leading to enhanced synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which regulates neurotransmitter release (reviewed in Esplugues, 2002; Mancuso et al, 2010). Acute immobilization stress has been shown to result in Fos expression and expression of iNOS with no changes in nNOS level in PVN neurons (Yamaguchi et al, 2010). Restraint stress repeated over 3 days has been shown to result in an increase in the level of iNOS but not nNOS protein level in the hypothalamus (Gadek-Michalska et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor Attenuates the Effects of Repeated Restraint Stress on Synaptic Transmission in the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Rat Hypothalamus

Kusek

Tokarska

Siwiec

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-synthesizing parvocellular neuroendocrine cells (PNCs) of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) play a key role in the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. Several studies have demonstrated that synaptic inputs to these cells may undergo stress-related enhancement but, on the other hand, it has been reported that exposition to the same stressor for prolonged time periods may induce a progressive reduction in the response of the HPA axis to homotypic stressors. In the present study rats were subjected to 10 min restraint sessions, repeated twice daily for 3 or 7 days. Miniature excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs and mIPSCs) were then recorded from PNCs in ex vivo hypothalamic slice preparations obtained 24 h after the last restraint. Restraint stress repeated over 3 days resulted in increased mean frequency and decreased rise time and decay time constant of mEPSCs, accompanied by a decrease in the excitability of PNCs, however, no such changes were evident in slices obtained from rats subjected to restraint over 7 days. There were no changes in mIPSCs after repeated restraint. Administration of the unspecific nitric oxide synthase (NOS) blocker Nω-Nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) before each restraint, repeated over 3 days, prevented the occurrence of an increase in mEPSC frequency. However, animals receiving L-NNA and subjected to repeated restraint had similar changes in PNCs membrane excitability and mEPSC kinetics as stressed rats not receiving L-NNA. Comparison of the effects of a single 10 min restraint session followed by either an immediate or delayed (24 h) decapitation revealed an increase in the mean mEPSC frequency and a decrease in the mean mIPSC frequency in slices prepared immediately after restraint, with no apparent effects when slice preparation was delayed by 24 h. These results demonstrate that restraint, lasting 10 min and repeated twice daily for 3 days, induces a selective and long-lasting enhancement of excitatory synaptic input onto PNCs, partially by a NOS-dependent mechanism, and reduces PNC excitability, whereas prolongation of repeated stress for up to 7 days results in an adaptation.

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Cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide synthase in the presympathetic neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus are involved in restraint stress-induced sympathetic activation in rats

Cited by 25 publications

References 53 publications

Effects of aging on stress-related responses of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus of male rats

Effects of aging on stress-related responses of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus of male rats

Sex differences in NMDA GluN1 plasticity in rostral ventrolateral medulla neurons containing corticotropin-releasing factor type 1 receptor following slow-pressor angiotensin II hypertension

Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor Attenuates the Effects of Repeated Restraint Stress on Synaptic Transmission in the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Rat Hypothalamus

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