Cyclooxygenase-2 Overexpression Predicts Poor Survival in Patients with High-grade Extremity Osteosarcoma: A Pilot Study

Urakawa, Hiroshi; Nishida, Yoshihiro; Naruse, Takahiro; Nakashima, Hiroatsu; Ishiguro, Naoki

doi:10.1007/s11999-009-0814-x

Cited by 46 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, with sustained exposure to proinflammatory stimuli, continued expression of COX-2 leads to the transition from acute to chronic inflammation [42, 46]. In recent decades, COX-2 overexpression has been reported in several human cancers including breast [47–49], lung [47, 50], skin [51], colon [47, 52, 53], bone [32, 54, 55], cervical [56], oesophageal [57], pancreatic [58], prostate [59], and bladder cancer [60]. Constitutive expression of COX-2 and sustained biogenesis of PGE 2 appear to play predominant roles in the initiation and promotion of cancer progression.…”

Section: Cox-2 Plays a Central Role In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclooxygenase‐2: A Role in Cancer Stem Cell Survival and Repopulation of Cancer Cells during Therapy

Pang

Hurst

Argyle

2016

Stem Cells International

156

107

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Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible form of the enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of prostanoids, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a major mediator of inflammation and angiogenesis. COX-2 is overexpressed in cancer cells and is associated with progressive tumour growth, as well as resistance of cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These therapies are often delivered in multiple doses, which are spaced out to allow the recovery of normal tissues between treatments. However, surviving cancer cells also proliferate during treatment intervals, leading to repopulation of the tumour and limiting the effectiveness of the treatment. Tumour cell repopulation is a major cause of treatment failure. The central dogma is that conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy selects resistant cancer cells that are able to reinitiate tumour growth. However, there is compelling evidence of an active proliferative response, driven by increased COX-2 expression and downstream PGE2 release, which contribute to the repopulation of tumours and poor patient outcome. In this review, we will examine the evidence for a role of COX-2 in cancer stem cell biology and as a mediator of tumour repopulation that can be molecularly targeted to overcome resistance to therapy.

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Section: Cox-2 Plays a Central Role In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclooxygenase‐2: A Role in Cancer Stem Cell Survival and Repopulation of Cancer Cells during Therapy

Pang

Hurst

Argyle

2016

Stem Cells International

156

107

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“…Chemical method is assumed to be the most suitable for studies of protein expression in tumor tissues, including osteosarcoma tissue [4,5], and for better understanding of some stages in tumor development. The expression of Bax [8,14], Bcl-2 [11], HER-2/neu [7,12], p53 [7,14], VEGF and VEGF-R [6,9,13], and Cox-2 [10,15] proteins attracts special interest of scientists in immunohistochemical studies of bone tumors. The expression of ErbB-2 [12], VEGF [6], and Cox-2 [15] in the primary tumor is associated with poor survival prognosis for osteosarcoma patients.…”

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confidence: 99%

Expression of Molecular Markers in the Tumor and Survival Prognosis in Osteosarcoma

et al. 2010

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Immunohistochemical study of p53, VEGF, Flt-1/VEGFR1 Ab-1, EGFR, HER-2/neu, Bax, and Cox-2 expression in osteosarcomas was carried out in 40 patients aged 16-70 years. Expression of p53 was detected in 27.5% tumors, VEGF in 15%, Flt-1/VEGFR1 Ab-1 in 97.5%, EGFR in 52.5%, HER-2/neu in 32.5%, Bax in 77.8%, and Cox-2 in 32.3% tumors. Multifactorial analysis showed that the expression of HER-2/neu (p=0.004), p53 (p=0.01), and Cox-2 (p=0.04) in osteosarcomas significantly correlated with unfavorable prognosis for overall survival, while HER-2/neu (p=0.02) and Cox-2 (p=0.003) with relapse-free survival. Analysis of HER-2/neu, p53, and Cox-2 expression in the primary tumor should be taken into consideration in the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma.

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“…The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 [107], insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA binding protein 3 (IMP3) [108], CDH11 [109], survivin [110][111][112] and CXCR4 [113,114] have also been linked to prognosis.…”

Section: Osteosarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the identification of molecular markers for bone neoplasia

Dickson

Kandel

2010

Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics

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Molecular analysis has identified key diagnostic biomarkers in only a small proportion of bone tumors. Many of these findings owe their existence to earlier karyotype-based cytogenetic studies. In cases where characteristic cytogenetic findings are absent, there remains a tremendous need to interrogate rigorously these lesions using emerging techniques such as whole genome sequencing. It is assumed that with a more precise understanding of the tumor genetic code, more accurate diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic markers will emerge.

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Cyclooxygenase-2 Overexpression Predicts Poor Survival in Patients with High-grade Extremity Osteosarcoma: A Pilot Study

Abstract: Level IV, prognostic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Cited by 46 publications

References 20 publications

Cyclooxygenase‐2: A Role in Cancer Stem Cell Survival and Repopulation of Cancer Cells during Therapy

Cyclooxygenase‐2: A Role in Cancer Stem Cell Survival and Repopulation of Cancer Cells during Therapy

Expression of Molecular Markers in the Tumor and Survival Prognosis in Osteosarcoma

Advances in the identification of molecular markers for bone neoplasia

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