Cyclone fly ash from a grate-fired biomass combustion plant: Dependence of the concentration of various components on the particle size

Lanzerstorfer, Christof

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.12.010

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For K, the exponent was close to zero (N = 0.09), which indicates that there is only very little size dependence of the concentration. This is in contrast to results found for wood combustion fly ash, where the exponent for K was 0.47 [21] and 0.68 [20]. For most other elements, the size dependence of the concentration was low, too.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of the Ash Sample And The Size Fractions Pcontrasting

confidence: 93%

“…Regardless of the size fraction, all the particles shown in the images are angular and cornered. None of the individual particles is spherical, which was found for some of the ash particles from the combustion of wood [21]. This indicates that none of the particles was molten during combustion, which is due to the comparatively low combustion temperature in the miscanthus combustion plant.…”

Section: Particle Size Of the Ash And The Ash Fractions Producedmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In wood combustion ash, the molar ratio of K to Cl is somewhat lower. Reported values are in the range of 4.3 [33] to 7.3 [21]. Therefore, higher rates of K volatilization are possible for wood combustion ash.…”

Section: Reasons For the Low Enrichment Potassium In The Fine Size Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For fly ash from wood combustion enrichment of potassium and some heavy metals in the finest ash fractions has been reported [20,21]. This enrichment can be explained by volatilization and re-condensation of these components during combustion and re-cooling of the off-gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combustion of Miscanthus: Composition of the Ash by Particle Size

Lanzerstorfer

2019

Energies

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Miscanthus is an energy crop considered to show potential for a substantial contribution to sustainable energy production. In miscanthus combustion, 2.0% to 3.5% of the mass of the fuel remains as ash. This ash is less contaminated by heavy metals than ash from wood combustion. The concentrations are well below the typical limit concentrations for use as a soil conditioner on agricultural land and forests. The potassium concentration in the investigated miscanthus ash of 14.1% K2O was significantly higher than the typical concentration of potassium in ashes from wood combustion (3% to 7% K2O). However, in comparison to wood ashes, only very little enrichment of potassium in the fine size fractions of miscanthus ash was found. For most of the other elements, the enrichment in the fine size fractions was also low. Therefore, the production of a potassium-rich material by classification for the production of potassium fertilizer is not feasible. The absence of such an enrichment can be explained on the one hand by the significantly lower combustion temperature in the miscanthus combustion plant and, on the other hand, by the higher molar ratio of K to Cl and the low ratio of K to Si. Thus, the most sensible utilization of miscanthus ash is its direct recycling to the soil such as where the miscanthus plants are grown.

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Section: Chemical Analysis Of the Ash Sample And The Size Fractions Pcontrasting

confidence: 93%

Section: Particle Size Of the Ash And The Ash Fractions Producedmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Reasons For the Low Enrichment Potassium In The Fine Size Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combustion of Miscanthus: Composition of the Ash by Particle Size

Lanzerstorfer

2019

Energies

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“…In fly ashes the concentration of various components has a high correlation with the particle size [14,15]. The particle size of the ESP or filter fly ashes depends very much on the separation efficiency of the cyclone pre-separator.…”

Section: Ash Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grate-Fired Biomass Combustion Plants Using Forest Residues as Fuel: Enrichment Factors for Components in the Fly Ash

Lanzerstorfer

2016

Waste Biomass Valor

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The aim of this work is to investigate the enrichment factors for various nutrients and heavy metals in the fly ash from grate-fired combustion plants using forest residues as fuels. Sustainable energy production requires recycling of the ash on the soil to close the nutrient cycles. The coarser bottom ash which is discharged from the boiler usually contains lower amounts of heavy metals compared to the fly ash which is separated from the off-gas. The discharge of the finest fly ash to landfill sites serves to remove the unwanted heavy metals from the cycle. For this purpose, the enrichment of these components in the finest fly ash should be maximized. At the same time the enrichment of the nutrients in the fine fly ash should be minimal. The enrichment of the components in the electrostatic precipitator fly ash of three biomass combustion plants was determined. The enrichment of the critical heavy metals Cd, Pb and Zn in the fly ash was higher than the values reported in one study but less than values calculated from the data presented in another study. Further investigations would be required to clarify this deviation. Thereby additional data on the furnace operation conditions e.g. combustion temperature should be included. The enrichment of most nutrients (Ca, Mg and PO 4 3-) in the fly ash was low. For K the enrichment in the fly ash was higher resulting in notable K losses to the fly ash.

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Management of Residues from Air Pollution Control Systems

Lanzerstorfer

2018

Handbook of Environmental Materials Management

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Cyclone fly ash from a grate-fired biomass combustion plant: Dependence of the concentration of various components on the particle size

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

Combustion of Miscanthus: Composition of the Ash by Particle Size

Combustion of Miscanthus: Composition of the Ash by Particle Size

Grate-Fired Biomass Combustion Plants Using Forest Residues as Fuel: Enrichment Factors for Components in the Fly Ash

Management of Residues from Air Pollution Control Systems

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