Cycloheximide stimulates early adenovirus transcription if early gene expression is allowed before treatment

Abstract

The inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide markedly stimulated adenovirus 2 early transcription (assayed in vivo and in vitro in nuclei) when the drug was added 3 h after infection of HeLa cells. The stimulation was not uniform but ranged from three- to eightfold for region 1A to 10- to 30-fold for region 2 of the adenovirus genome. The increase was complete by about 60 min after treatment. The stimulation reversed rapidly after cycloheximide was removed. Treatment with cycloheximide either before infection with wild-type adenovirus type 5 or at 3 h after infection with dl312, a mutant which fails to express early gene products in HeLa cells, both resulted in levels of transcription at or substantially below the control (infection with wild-type adenovirus without treatment). Therefore we conclude that cycloheximide treatment and previous early gene expression interact to yield the maximum levels of transcription.

Induction and/or selective retention of proteins in mammalian cells exposed to cycloheximide

“…The existence of a short-lived repressor, the synthesis of which is inhibited by this drug, has also been postulated for the regulation of c-myc expression (Makino et al, 1984) as an autoregulatory model for this molecule. Moreover, the existence of a repressor of cellular or viral origin inhibited by CXM could possibly account for the drug-induced stimulation of the early adenovirus transcription (Cross and Darnell, 1983). In all these systems, however, a massive increase of proteins is observed whereas in our system some proteins are only slightly increased and the most represented species appears to be due to a de novo synthesis.…”

Acceleration of Adenovirus Replication and Increased Virion Production by Treatment with the Steroid Hormone 17 Beta‐Estradiol

“…It has been previously suggested that part of the adenovirus E 1 A gene function involves the removal of a cellular inhibitor of viral replication (1). In light of our observations, it might be argued that steroid hormone pretreatment may favor the removal of an inhibitor.…”

Inhibition of protein synthesis in LLC-PK1 cells increases calcitonin-induced plasminogen-activator gene transcription and mRNA stability

“…Inhibition of protein synthesis has been reported to increase transcription of various genes, including actin (Ringold et al, 1984;Elder et al, 1984), adenovirus early (Nevins, 1981;Cross & Darnell, 1983;Eggerding, 1985), cytochrome P1-450 (Israel et al, 1985 :t 0 (U Palmiter, 1981) genes. Some have reported that inhibition of protein synthesis increases histone-gene transcription (Graves & Marzluff, 1984;Sive et al, 1984); others have reported no change (Stimac et al, 1984).…”