Cyclodextrin based nanoparticles for smart drug delivery in colorectal cancer

Abstract

The advancement of colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention, detection, and treatment is essential to ensure that survivors live longer and higher‐quality lives. The field of cancer detection and therapy has undergone a revolution with the development of nanotechnology for targeted drug delivery. The significant problems with the delivery of cancer drugs are their solubility, stability, and nonspecific distribution. There is a challenge that the acidic and enzymatic environment in the digestive tract will modify or destroy the medication or the active pharmaceutical ingredient. To overcome the problems, nanoparticles have been widely employed during the past several years to increase the specificity, selectivity, and controlled release of drug delivery systems. The site‐specific and targeted delivery leads to reduce toxicity and side effects. With respect to the capability and utilization of cyclodextrin‐based nanoparticles in different aspects of the tumour microenvironment and gut microbiota, a survey of current research papers was conducted via looking through databases including GoogleScholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. This review aims to summarize cutting‐edge nanoparticulate‐based technologies and therapies for CRC.

Chitosan and Cyclodextrins—Versatile Materials Used to Create Drug Delivery Systems for Gastrointestinal Cancers

“…The structural arrangement of cyclodextrins permits the inclusion of hydrophobic drugs into their cavity, generating host–guest complexes by noncovalent interactions, which are of great use in pharmaceutical applications [ 40 ]. The formation of inclusion complexes does not necessitate complicated chemical reactions, which are mediated by intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, hydrophobic interactions, and ionic interactions, depending on whether or not the drug is charged [ 47 , 48 ].…”

“…Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a top killing disease, being the third most frequent form of cancer and the second in terms of death incidence. Thus, it is essential to improve this disease’s prevention, detection, and treatment towards increasing the length and improving the quality of lives of CRC patients [ 47 , 63 ]. Despite chemotherapy being a common treatment choice, this strategy lacks specificity, affecting both tumor cells and rapidly growing healthy cells.…”

“…Despite chemotherapy being a common treatment choice, this strategy lacks specificity, affecting both tumor cells and rapidly growing healthy cells. Moreover, conventional colon-targeted drug delivery systems are generally degraded and absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract before reaching the desired site [ 28 , 47 , 64 ].…”