Cyclodextrin-based biological stimuli-responsive carriers for smart and precision medicine

Abstract

Spurred on by recent progress in nanotechnology and precision medicine, smart drug carriers are entering an entirely new era. Smart drug carriers have been widely studied in recent years as a result of their ability to control drug release under different microenvironments (such as pH, redox, and enzyme) in vivo. Host-guest interactions based on cyclodextrins have proven to be an efficient tool for fabricating smart drug carriers. Because of the application of host-guest interactions, many kinds of biological molecules or supramolecular building blocks can combine into an organic whole at the molecular level. In this review, the features, mechanisms of action, and potent applications of biological stimuli-responsive drug carriers based on cyclodextrins are discussed. In addition, some personal perspectives on this field are presented.

Oxidation‐Responsive Nanoassemblies for Light‐Enhanced Gene Therapy

“…Supramolecular polymers, which integrate the advantages of supramolecular chemistry and polymer science, exhibit great potential in chemistry, materials and life science . Some supramolecular assemblies with excellent performance have been reported in recent years . Different from the traditional polymers, supramolecular polymers are based on dynamical reversible noncovalent interactions, which endows supramolecular polymers with specific properties such as degradability and stimuli response .…”

“…[1,2] Some supramolecular assemblies with excellent performance have been reported in recent years. [3][4][5] Different from the traditional polymers, supramolecular polymers are based on dynamical reversible noncovalent interactions, [6,7] which endows supramolecular polymers with specific properties such as degradability and stimuli response. [8] Hostguest assemblies in aqueous medium, as an attractive strategy for constructing responsive supramolecular polymers, have drawn extensive attention in the field of biomedicine.…”

Synthesis of a novel copolymer using glycogen and poly(lactide) as a carrier of dual drugs—ornidazole and ofloxacin

“…In this consequence, employment of biopolymeric gel as a proficient carrier of therapeutics became significant for last few decades as it provides all the basic features of drug carrier along with additional advantageous properties like high water absorbing capability, softness, and viscoelastic nature . To transport drug toward specific site of action in ample concentration, there must be some switching properties, which should be demonstrated by the drug delivery system . Stimuli‐responsive hydrogels with hydrophilic network are quite renowned in this concern.…”

“…7,[11][12][13][14] To transport drug toward specific site of action in ample concentration, there must be some switching properties, which should be demonstrated by the drug delivery system. 15 Stimuli-responsive hydrogels with hydrophilic network are quite renowned in this concern. 11, 12,16,17 They are capable to absorb water in larger extent and also demonstrate phase transition or change in physical properties depending on various external stimuli.…”

Aggregation of Cyclodextrins: Fundamental Issues and Applications

“…These CD-guest interactions are facilitated by the unique structure of CD, which combines a hydrophilic outer surface with an internal lipophilic cavity. The extensive development of CD-based formulations has resulted in a strongly increasing amount of studies, in which the exceptional features of CDs have been described (see e.g., [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]). In the last decades, CDs have also been used for functionalization of organic [17] and inorganic [18,19] materials and for the synthesis of nanosized and microsized aggregates [20][21][22].…”