Cycloaddition of CO&lt;SUB&gt;2&lt;/SUB&gt; and Epoxides Catalyzed by Polymer-Supported Quaternary Phosphonium Salts

Cui, Zipeng; Wang, Hong; Wang, Yujiao; Wang, Rongming

doi:10.3724/sp.j.1088.2010.00544

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…[44][45][46] Organic synthesis strategies can be used to introduce desired functional groups into organic porous polymers, such as the insertion of amine salts or quaternization of catalysts to improve CO 2 adsorption capacity. [47,48] There are a large number of organic porous polymers that have been reported to be used in epoxide and CO 2 cycloaddition reactions, but most of these catalysts require extra co-catalysts. [49,50] Recently, several polymer catalysts with various catalytic active sites have been reported for CO 2 conversion applications, including porous cationic or anionic polymers, [51] porous poly (ionic liquids) [52] and crystalline ionic covalent organic frameworks, [53] but problems such as complex synthesis methods and harsh reaction conditions are still existed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Conjugated Polymers as Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Cycloaddition of Carbon Dioxide to Epoxides to Form Carbonates under Solvent‐ and Cocatalyst‐Free Conditions

et al. 2022

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The generation of cyclic carbonates by the cycloaddition of CO 2 with epoxides is attractive in the industry, by which CO 2 is efficiently used as C1 source. Herein, a series of catalysts were developed to efficient mediate the cycloaddition of CO 2 with epoxides to generate carbonates. The catalysts were easily synthesized via the amine-formaldehyde condensation of ethidium bromide with a variety of linkers. The newly prepared heterogeneous catalysts have high thermal stability and degradation temperatures. The surface of the catalysts is smooth and spherical in shape. The effect of temperature, pressure, reaction time and catalyst dosage on the cycloaddition of CO 2 with epoxide were investigated. The results show that the catalyst with 1,3,5-tris(4-formylphenyl)benzene as the linker can achieve 97.4 % conversion efficiency at the conditions of 100 °C, reaction time of 12 h, and the reaction pressure of 1.2 MPa in a solvent-free environment. Notably, the polymers serve as homogeneous catalysts during the reaction (reaction temperature above T g ) and can be separated and recovered easily as homogeneous catalysts at room temperature. In addition, the catalyst is not only suitable for a wide range of epoxide substrates, but also can be recycled many times. Furthermore, DFT calculations show that the coordination between the electrophilic center of the catalyst and the epoxide reduces the energy barrier, and the reaction mechanism is proposed based on the reaction kinetic studies and DFT calculations.

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