Cyclists' exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise in central city neighbourhoods of Montreal

Apparicio, Philippe; Carrier, Mathieu; Gelb, Jérémy; Séguin, Anne‐Marie; Kingham, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2016.09.014

Cited by 83 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…It is interesting to compare the mean noise levels recorded here-68.4, 70.7, and 73.4 dB(A) in Copenhagen, Montreal, and Paris, respectively-to those found in other European and North American cities: from 63 to 65 dB(A) in eleven Dutch cities [28], 70 in Rotterdam, 73 in Helsinki, 75 in Thessaloniki [29], and 70.5 and 68.8 in Montreal [25,26].…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Over the last two decades, cyclists' individual exposure to air pollution-more specifically, their inhalation of pollutants [2]-has been, and continues to be, studied extensively (e.g., [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]). In contrast, during the same period, cyclists' noise exposure is, however, less often examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyclists′ Exposure to Road Traffic Noise: A Comparison of Three North American and European Cities

Apparicio

Gelb

2020

Acoustics

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According to the World Health Organization, high levels of exposure to road traffic noise are associated with adverse health effects. Earlier studies suggest that cyclists are exposed to higher noise levels than motorists. Other studies have demonstrated that cyclists' exposure to noise could vary significantly according to their routes. The aim of this study is to compare cyclists' exposure to noise and their determinants in three cities. Three participants cycled equipped with noise dosimeters and GPS watches: 1823, 967, and 1362 km in Copenhagen, Paris, and Montreal, respectively. We fitted three generalized additive mixed model with an autoregressive term models to predict the cyclists' exposure to noise according to the type of route and bicycle infrastructure after controlling for the day of the week, as well as spatial and temporal trends. The overall noise means were 73.4, 70.7, and 68.4 dB(A) in Paris, Montreal, and Copenhagen, respectively. The exposure to road traffic noise is strongly associated with the type of bicycle infrastructure taken by the cyclist; riding on a cycleway significantly decreases it, while riding in a shared lane has no impact. Our findings demonstrate that it is possible to achieve a substantial reduction in cyclists exposure by adopting new practices that include noise exposure in the planning of future cycling infrastructure.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclists′ Exposure to Road Traffic Noise: A Comparison of Three North American and European Cities

Apparicio

Gelb

2020

Acoustics

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“…This evolution is a driving force in the research field on cyclists' exposure to air and noise pollution. Thus, new tools have been made accessible to researchers to address new research goals like estimating the difference in exposure for similar trips according to the transport mode [9,26], measuring the short term health impact of cyclists' exposure to air pollution [27], or modelling and predicting cyclists' exposure in urban environments [18][19][20]28,29].…”

Section: The Development Of Low-cost Sensors: New Paradigm and Opportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This necessitates including the question of cyclists' exposure to air and noise pollution in planning and working to understand how we can reduce these exposures. Many studies have already tried to identify the factors contributing to cyclists' exposure to air or noise pollution [18][19][20], but there are significant limitations to their scope and generalization potential: few consider noise; the amount of data is limited; there needs to be replication on specific axes; there is no unbundling of background pollution; statistical methods omit pseudo-replication, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Cyclists’ Multi-Exposure to Air and Noise Pollution with Low-Cost Sensors—The Case of Paris

Gelb

Apparicio

2020

Atmosphere

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Cyclists are particularly exposed to air and noise pollution because of their higher ventilation rate and their proximity to traffic. However, few studies have investigated their multi-exposure and have taken into account its real complexity in building statistical models (nonlinearity, pseudo replication, autocorrelation, etc.). We propose here to model cyclists’ exposure to air and noise pollution simultaneously in Paris (France). Specifically, the purpose of this study is to develop a methodology based on an extensive mobile data collection using low-cost sensors to determine which factors of the urban micro-scale environment contribute to cyclists’ multi-exposure and to what extent. To this end, we developed a conceptual framework to define cyclists’ multi-exposure and applied it to a multivariate generalized additive model with mixed effects and temporal autocorrelation. The results show that it is possible to reduce cyclists’ multi-exposure by adapting the planning and development practices of cycling infrastructure, and that this reduction can be substantial for noise exposure.

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“…The increase in the availability of low-cost air pollution sensors has increased the number of community residents collecting and using air quality data to better characterize and understand their local environment [28]. Portable, low-cost sensors offer the potential to expand the temporal and spatial coverage of air quality information [29][30][31] and increasingly are being used in exposure and health studies [32][33][34]. These sensor technologies offer new opportunities in urban environmental justice communities to gather neighborhood-level data that illustrate the impact of emissions sources and/or the magnitude of air quality issues affecting their communities To date, there is limited research on how or why sensors and sensor data are used by communities [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Youth Engaged Participatory Air Monitoring: A ‘Day in the Life’ in Urban Environmental Justice Communities

Johnston

Juarez

Navarro³

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Air pollution in Southern California does not impact all communities equally; communities of color are disproportionately burdened by poor air quality and more likely to live near industrial facilities and freeways. Government regulatory monitors do not have the spatial resolution to provide air quality information at the neighborhood or personal scale. We describe the A Day in the Life program, an approach to participatory air monitoring that engages youth in collecting data that they can then analyze and use to take action. Academics partnered with Los Angeles-based youth environmental justice organizations to combine personal air monitoring, participatory science, and digital storytelling to build capacity to address local air quality issues. Eighteen youth participants from four different neighborhoods wore portable personal PM2.5 (fine particles <2.5 µm in diameter) monitors for a day in each of their respective communities, documenting and mapping their exposure to PM2.5 during their daily routine. Air monitoring was coupled with photography and videos to document what they experienced over the course of their day. The PM2.5 exposure during the day for participants averaged 10.7 µg/m3, although the range stretched from <1 to 180 µg/m3. One-third of all measurements were taken <300 m from a freeway. Overall, we demonstrate a method to increase local youth-centered understanding of personal exposures, pollution sources, and vulnerability to air quality.

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Cyclists' exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise in central city neighbourhoods of Montreal

Cited by 83 publications

References 63 publications

Cyclists′ Exposure to Road Traffic Noise: A Comparison of Three North American and European Cities

Cyclists′ Exposure to Road Traffic Noise: A Comparison of Three North American and European Cities

Modelling Cyclists’ Multi-Exposure to Air and Noise Pollution with Low-Cost Sensors—The Case of Paris

Youth Engaged Participatory Air Monitoring: A ‘Day in the Life’ in Urban Environmental Justice Communities

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