Cyclists and triathletes do not differ in muscle volume, muscle recruitment or pedal force effectiveness

Lanferdini, Fábio Juner; Jacques, Tiago Canal; Bini, Rodrigo Rico; Vaz, Marco Aurélio

doi:10.3233/ies-140549

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, it is suggested that future studies should split the pedal revolution into separate power and recovery phases. This approach has been adopted previously [32] and has, at times, been extended to an even more detailed analysis of four "quarters" across the pedal revolution [33][34][35]. The purpose of such a split would be to effectively separate the power and recovery phases from the areas at the top and bottom of the pedal revolution, which have long been identified as areas where pedalling kinematics are altered due to tangential force being at a minimum [36,37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity of Calculating Continuous Relative Phase during Cycling from Measures Taken with Skin-Mounted Electro-Goniometers

Whittle

Jobson

Smith

2022

Sensors

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The aim of this study was to assess the validity of electro-goniometers as a tool for recording continuous relative phase data at two joint couplings during cycling tasks at a range of cadences. Seven participants (4 male, 3 female, age: 29 ± 7 years, height: 1.76 ± 0.10 m, mass: 71.97 ± 11.57 kg) performed exercise bouts of 30 s at four prescribed cadences (60, 80, 100, 120 rev·min−1) on a stationary ergometer (Wattbike, Nottingham, UK). Measures were synchronously recorded by bi-axial electro-goniometers (Biometrics, UK) and a 12-camera motion-capture system (Qualisys, Gothenburg, Sweden), with both systems sampling at 500 Hz. Sagittal plane joint angle and joint angular velocity were recorded at the hip, knee and ankle and analysed for ten complete pedal revolutions per participant per condition. Data were interpolated to 100 time points and used to calculate mean continuous relative phase (CRP) per pedal revolution at two intra-limb couplings: (i) knee flexion/extension–ankle plantarflexion/dorsiflexion (KA) and (ii) hip flexion/extension–knee flexion/extension (HK). At the KA coupling, significant differences in mean CRP were found between measurement systems at 120 rev·min−1 (p = 0.006). At the HK coupling, significant differences in mean CRP were found between measurement systems at 80 rev·min−1 (p = 0.043) and 100 rev·min−1 (p = 0.028). ICC values for most comparisons were below 0.5, suggesting poor levels of agreement between systems. Significant differences in mean CRP per pedal revolution and poor levels of agreement between systems suggests that electro-goniometers are not a suitable alternative to motion-capture systems when attempting to record CRP during cycling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity of Calculating Continuous Relative Phase during Cycling from Measures Taken with Skin-Mounted Electro-Goniometers

Whittle

Jobson

Smith

2022

Sensors

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Predicting pedalling metrics based on lower limb joint kinematics

Torres,

Nougarou,

Domingue

2024

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering

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Echo Intensity Reliability for the Analysis of Different Muscle Areas in Athletes

Lanferdini

Manganelli²,

López³

et al. 2019

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Lanferdini, FJ, Manganelli, BF, Lopez, P, Klein, KD, Cadore, EL, and Vaz, MA. Echo intensity reliability for the analysis of different muscle areas in athletes. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3353–3360, 2019—Skeletal muscles' echo intensity (EI) is used as a parameter to evaluate muscle damage and muscle quality after exercise or training. However, recent muscle EI studies have used regions of interest (ROIs) of different sizes for assessing muscle damage and muscle quality, which may lead to different results if the different ROIs from the same muscle are not reliable. Although a maximum rectangular ROI (RET-ROI), included in the muscles' anatomical cross-sectional area, can be used to represent the maximum muscle ROI (MAX-ROI), no studies were found that investigated the reliability of the evaluations of different ROIs for the EI of superficial vs. deep muscles of the thigh. In addition, no studies have evaluated different ROIs in cyclists, at different days and analyzed by different raters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the EI reliability of rectus femoris (RF) and vastus intermedius (VI) muscles of cyclists. Twenty cyclists visited the laboratory 4 times for the evaluation of RF and VI muscles transversal ultrasound images. Echo intensity was determined from grayscale mean values by 2 examiners who performed the analysis with 3 different ROIs: MAX-ROI, RET-ROI, and 1-cm2 ROI (1CM-ROI). The between-ROI EI data reliability showed a strong correlation in both RF (r ≥ 0.79) and VI (r ≥ 0.87) muscles. Bland-Altman tests demonstrated high agreement among RF ROI muscle areas (p > 0.05), with no agreement between the VI areas (p < 0.05). Only the RF muscle MAX-ROI, RET-ROI, and 1CM-ROI areas are similar for EI analysis, with no similarities for the same VI muscle areas.

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Cyclists and triathletes do not differ in muscle volume, muscle recruitment or pedal force effectiveness

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Validity of Calculating Continuous Relative Phase during Cycling from Measures Taken with Skin-Mounted Electro-Goniometers

Validity of Calculating Continuous Relative Phase during Cycling from Measures Taken with Skin-Mounted Electro-Goniometers

Predicting pedalling metrics based on lower limb joint kinematics

Echo Intensity Reliability for the Analysis of Different Muscle Areas in Athletes

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