Cyclical unemployment and infant health

Kaplan, Erin K.; Collins, Courtney A.; Tylavsky, Frances A.

doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2017.08.001

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Contrary to available evidence on the effect of unemployment on health and nutrition (37)(38)(39) , we found that the increase in unemployment rate was negatively associated with the scenarios characterised by a high burden of overweight alone and DBM. This finding is difficult to explain and may be related to the limitations of ecological data or to the unemployment rate variable, which is considered to have low sensitivity due to the high prevalence of informal work in Brazil (above 30 %) despite the reduction observed in the last decades (40) .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Shifts towards overweight and double burden of malnutrition among socio-economically vulnerable children: a longitudinal ecological analysis of Brazilian municipalities

Silva

Rasella

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: to investigate the shifts and factors associated with different scenarios resulting from the prevalence of child stunting and overweight in Brazilian municipalities. Design: This is an ecological study using municipality-level panel data of stunting and overweight prevalence and socioeconomic characteristics from 2008 to 2014. The municipalities were classified according to the WHO-UNICEF prevalence thresholds for stunting and overweight, and were categorized into four nutritional scenarios: no burden (prevalence of stunting <20% and overweight <10%), stunting burden (prevalence of stunting ≥20% and overweight <10%), overweight burden (prevalence of stunting <20% and overweight ≥10%), and double burden (prevalence of stunting ≥20% and overweight ≥10%). Setting: 4,443 Brazilian municipalities. Participants: Aggregated data of children under 5 years old enrolled in the Brazil’s conditional cash transfer program (Bolsa Família). Results: A mean reduction from 14.2% to 12.7% in the prevalence of stunting and an increase from 17.2% to 18.4% in the prevalence of overweight were observed. The predominant scenarios were overweight burden and double burden. The odds of both scenarios increased with higher GDP per capita and decreased with higher unemployment rates. Stunting and double burden decreased with higher expected years of schooling, and stunting burden increased with household crowding. Conclusion: Our findings indicate an advanced nutrition transition stage in Brazil, associated mainly with municipal GDP per capita growth, which has contributed to increasing the burden of overweight alone or coexisting with stunting (double burden) among children in the most socioeconomically vulnerable strata of the population.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Shifts towards overweight and double burden of malnutrition among socio-economically vulnerable children: a longitudinal ecological analysis of Brazilian municipalities

Silva

Rasella

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Overall, the results of the instrumental variable analysis confirm the protective effect of income on child mortality rates while they signify considerable Endogeneity issues in OLS estimation. These estimations are also comparable with similar literature on income-mortality and income-health (Baird et al, 2011;Currie and Grogger, 2002;Dave et al, 2019;Dooley and Prause, 2002;Elder et al, 2016;Ensor et al, 2010;Evans and Moore, 2011;Hanmer et al, 2003;E. K. Kaplan et al, 2017;Leonard and Mas, 2008;Lindahl, 2005;NoghaniBehambari et al, 2020aNoghaniBehambari et al, , 2020bSchnalzenberger, 2016;Tacke and Waldmann, 2013;Wolfe and Behrman, 1982).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

RETRACTED: Income Shocks and Child Mortality Rates: Evidence from Fluctuations in Oil Prices

Rivero

Acuña

2021

Economics

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Previous studies show that children in lower socioeconomic status families reveal higher rates of mortality. We complement the income-mortality literature by establishing a causal link between income and child mortality. Our instrument for income is based on time-series global shocks to oil prices combined with the cross-sectional share of employment in manufacturing across US states as their exposure to oil price changes. Using the universe of death records between the years 1975-2004, we find the OLS results of income-child-mortality relationships are under-biased. The 2SLS-IV results suggest that a $1,000 increase in income per capita at the state level reduces child mortality and infant mortality by 0.87 and 0.53 fewer incidences per 1,000 population of age-specific children.

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“…Overall, the results of the instrumental variable analysis confirm the protective effect of income on child mortality rates while they signify considerable Endogeneity issues in OLS estimation. These estimations are also comparable with similar literature on income-mortality and income-health (Baird et al, 2011;Currie & Grogger, 2002;Dave et al, 2019;Dooley & Prause, 2002;Elder, Goddeeris, & Haider, 2016;Ensor et al, 2010;Evans & Moore, 2011;Hanmer et al, 2003;Kaplan, Collins, & Tylavsky, 2017;Leonard & Mas, 2008;Lindahl, 2005;NoghaniBehambari et al, 2020a;NoghaniBehambari et al, 2020b;Schnalzenberger, 2016;Tacke & Waldmann, 2013;Wolfe & Behrman, 1982).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Income Shocks and Child Mortality Rates: Evidence from Fluctuations in Oil Prices

Rivero

Acuña

2021

The Economics and Finance Letters

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Previous studies show that children in lower socioeconomic status families reveal higher rates of mortality. We complement the income-mortality literature by establishing a causal link between income and child mortality. Our instrument for income is based on time-series global shocks to oil prices combined with the crosssectional share of employment in manufacturing across US states as their exposure to oil price changes. Using the universe of death records between the years 1975-2004, we find the OLS results of income-child-mortality relationships are under-biased. The 2SLS-IV results suggest that a $1,000 increase in income per capita at the state level reduces child mortality and infant mortality by 0.87 and 0.53 fewer incidences per 1,000 population of age-specific children.Contribution/Originality: This is the first study to establish a causal link between income and child mortality rate. Moreover, it adds to the literature on oil and income by introducing an oil-price-based instrument which has the potential to influence household income and health.

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Cyclical unemployment and infant health

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Shifts towards overweight and double burden of malnutrition among socio-economically vulnerable children: a longitudinal ecological analysis of Brazilian municipalities

Shifts towards overweight and double burden of malnutrition among socio-economically vulnerable children: a longitudinal ecological analysis of Brazilian municipalities

RETRACTED: Income Shocks and Child Mortality Rates: Evidence from Fluctuations in Oil Prices

Income Shocks and Child Mortality Rates: Evidence from Fluctuations in Oil Prices

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