Cyclical cholera outbreaks in Ghana: filth, not myth

Mireku-Gyimah, Nana; Apanga, Paschal Awingura; Awoonor-Williams, John Koku

doi:10.1186/s40249-018-0436-1

Cited by 13 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This sampling was done during the non-cholera outbreak period (January -April 2016), but these communities were previously affected by cholera outbreaks. In some parts of Accra, sanitation is poor and defecating directly into water bodies is the norm [20,21].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic and antimicrobial drug resistance analysis of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolates from Ghana

Opintan

Will

Kuma³

et al. 2021

Microbial Genomics

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We investigated the evolution, phylogeny and antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolates (VCO1) from Ghana. Outbreak and environmental sources of VCO1 were characterized, whole-genome sequenced and compared to globally available seventh pandemic (7P) strains of V. cholerae at SNP resolution. Final analyses included 636 isolates. Novel Ghanaian isolates clustered into three distinct clades (clades 1, 2 and 3) in wave 3 of the 7P lineage. The closest relatives of our novel Ghanaian isolates were from Benin, Cameroon, Togo, Niger and Nigeria. All novel Ghanaian isolates were multi-drug resistant. Environmental isolates clustered into clade 2, despite being isolated years later, showing the possibility of persistence and re-emergence of older clades. A lag phase of several years from estimated introduction to reported cases suggests pathogen persistence in the absence of reported cholera cases. These results highlight the importance of deeper surveillance for understanding transmission routes between bordering countries and planning tailored vaccination campaigns in an effort to eradicate cholera.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic and antimicrobial drug resistance analysis of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolates from Ghana

Opintan

Will

Kuma³

et al. 2021

Microbial Genomics

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“…Due to the insanitary environment, Ghana experienced an outbreak of cholera in 2014, which resulted in the death of many Ghanaians (Mireku-Gyimah et al, 2018). This prompted the government at the time to intensify efforts at finding a solution to the environmental sanitation challenges.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of National Sanitation Day as a community-participatory approach for improving environmental sanitation in Edina Traditional Area, Ghana

Mensah

2020

MEQ

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Purpose Poor environmental sanitation affects environmental quality and health. Ghana is a developing country whose sanitation profile has been one of the lowest in the world in recent years. This has prompted various views regarding effective approaches for improving sanitation in Ghana for better environmental quality and health. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of National Sanitation Day (NSD) as a model for improving environmental sanitation in the Edina Traditional Area (ETA), Ghana. Design/methodology/approach The study used key informant interviews and focus group discussions to collect qualitative data from purposively selected participants from predominantly fishing and farming communities in the ETA, Ghana. Data were analysed thematically and presented using interpretive narratives and most significant stories. Findings Results showed a high level of community awareness of the model but low participation in the intervention, culminating in the model’s ineffectiveness to make any meaningful impact on improved sanitation in the study area. Key factors responsible for the model’s ineffectiveness include apathy, inadequate logistics, politics and attitude. Practical implications Government should engage more effectively with the municipal assembly, private sanitation companies and community level authorities to address the political, logistical, attitudinal and institutional challenges associated with the model to ensure effective participation in the NSD for better sanitation outcomes, leading to improved environmental quality and health for sustainable development. Originality/value This is one of the few studies that have evaluated the effectiveness of the NSD in Ghana since the model was introduced in the country in 2014. The outcome of the study could inform sanitation management policy, practice and research in Ghana as well as other developing countries that may adopt or adapt Ghana’s model.

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“…During rainy seasons especially, plastic pollution clogs drains, leading to public health crises. The 2014-15 cholera outbreak affected nearly 29,000 Ghanaians (Mireku-Gyimah et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%