Cyclic Voltammetric Studies of Electropolymerized Films Based on Ruthenium(II/III) Bis(1,10 phenanthroline) (4-methyl-4’vinyl-2,2’-bipyridine)

Abstract

A ruthenium complex of bis(1,10-phenanthroline)(4-methyl-4'vinyl-2,2'-bipyridine) was used to modify glassy carbon electrodes during cyclic voltammetry. The modification procedure is rapid and produces a polymer film on the glassy carbon electrode. Characterization cyclic voltammograms of the ruthenium-based polymer films in supporting electrolyte solutions are very similar to the electropolymerization cyclic voltammograms. The polymer thin films derived from the ruthenium complex exhibit Nernstian electron transfer with respect to the applied potential at low scan rates. This is shown by the small peak separation between the cathodic and anodic peaks during characterization. At scan rates greater than 1.00 V/sec, the films model the Randles-Sevcik equation for diffusion-controlled mass transfer processes. Surface coverage ranges from 9.42 x 10 -11 mol/cm 2 to 4.76 x 10 -10 mol/cm 2 and was calculated by integrating the area under the anodic peak of the characterization cyclic voltammograms.

Electropolymerized Highly Photoconductive Thin Films of Cyclopalladated and Cycloplatinated Complexes

“…Diffraction data were collected at room temperature by using graphite-monochromated Mo Kα radiation (λ = 0.71073 Å). The data were processed through the SAINT 49 reduction and SADABS 38 absorption software. Nevertheless, unsolved absorption effects, giving rise to high residual electron densities (3.69, 3.62, 3.60, and 3.54 e/Å 3 ) in the near proximity of the platinum metal center (distances in the range 1.26−2.58 Å), were observed in 3 during the final structure refinement.…”

“…Surface coverage of the ITO covered glass electrode, with respect to the number of cycles of electropolymerization, was determined through the equation: Γ = Q/nFA, where Γ is the surface coverage in mol/cm 2 , Q is the charge in coulombs, A is the area of the electrode surface in cm 2 , and n is the number of electrons transferred during the redox process. 38 Values of Q were determined by integrating the area under the cathodic peak during the characterization of the electrode in the supporting electrolyte solution. Surface coverage is strongly dependent on the scan rate as well as the of a steadystate peak current during the electropolymerization process.…”

Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized Polyaniline as an Electrochemical Transducer

“…As the scan increased, the first anodic peak and third cathodic peaks shifted to the higher and lower potentials respectively with the dissappearance of the rest of the peaks until one anodic and one cathodic peaks prevails.This observable potential shift,which consequently increased the peak separation (∆Ep), is linked to the electron delocalization along the polymer backbone, repulsive interactions between redox centres [38] and small differences in the local environments of different redox centres, resulting in rise to range of redox potentials [39]. The increase in∆Ep is also associated with kinetic limitations of charge transfer between the redox centres within the polymer film [4]. This behaviour has been observed with HCl as a supporting electrolyte [32].…”

“…According to Baldwin and Thomson [3], chemically modified electrodes offer easily variable chemical and physical properties that open a wide spectrum of analytical applications. Electrode surface modification can be achieved through covalent attachment, drop coating or electropolymerization [4].The most executable method of electrode surface modification is electropolymerization which is fast, cheap and reproducible [5].…”

Electrochemical Characterization of Silver-Platinum Various Ratio Bimetallic Nanoparticles Modified Electrodes

“…This research focuses on nanofilms derived from metal salt reduction as modifiers on glassy carbon electrode. Deliberate chemical alteration of the electrode surface may result in a more favourable interaction between an analyte and electrode surface by changing the thermodynamic and kinetic behaviour of reactants, products, or intermediates involved in the redox transformation [11]. These new electrodes possess properties which may be exploited to lay a foundation for new and interesting applications and devices such as electrochromic displays and sensors [12].…”