Cyclic voltammetric investigation of the reduction of tin(ii) chloride in acetonitrile

Different Complexation Behavior of P‐Functionalized Ferrocene Derivatives Towards SnCl2, SnCl4 and SnPh2Cl2: Auto‐ionization and Redox‐Type Reactions

“…The oxidation of depositedS n 0 to Sn II (sharp peak at E p ffiÀ 0.5 V) in the presence of an excesso fC l À enablest he formation of [SnCl 3 ] À (cf. [32] )w hose small peak-the same as first reduction peak of 1 ( Figure 6)-is not seen at v > 2Vs À1 but appears and progressively grows with the number of scans at slower scan rates.…”

“…The second peak (b) arises from further two‐electron reduction yielding ligand‐stabilized Sn 0 whose re‐oxidation to Sn II accounts for more cathodic of two peaks in the reverse scan. The oxidation of deposited Sn 0 to Sn II (sharp peak at E p ≅ −0.5 V) in the presence of an excess of Cl − enables the formation of [SnCl 3 ] − (cf 326)—is not seen at v > 2 V s −1 but appears and progressively grows with the number of scans at slower scan rates.…”

“…Neglecting doublelayer potential, DG 0 can be taken as E p À E 0 . Solventr eorganization l 0 , [35] estimated from the radius of [(Fc Interestingly,i nc ontrast to earlier works [32] and to the results from 119 Sn NMR studies in [D 8 ]THF,t he reduction peak of noncoordinated SnCl 2 to elemental Sn (at %À 0.3 V; [32] À0.386 V [37] ) is absent in voltammograms of 1 attesting that in polar DMF the equilibrium in Scheme5 is shifted towards 1 (preferred auto-ionization of SnCl 2 ). When increasing the scan rate v,t he first reduction (E p = À1.226 V) andt he first re-oxidation (E p = À0.800 V) peaks of 3 and 5 evolve equallyw ith the one-electron oxidation peaks of their ferrocenyl moieties;a th igher scan rates (v > 2Vs À1 ), second reduction (E p = À1.395 V) and second re-oxidation peaks practically vanish showing their kinetic dependence on first pair of peaks (Figure 7).…”

“…In fact, electrodeposition of Sn 0 from [SnCl 3 ] À [formed in situ in SnCl 2 /nBu-pyridinium chloride [30] (1:3) or in SnCl 2 -KCl [31] (1:3)] was reported to occur at about À1V versus SCE. Am ore accurate voltammetric study [32] describes the reductiono f[ SnCl 3 ] À (formed from SnCl 2 and Bu 4 NCl in 100-fold excess) in acetonitrile at aP te lectrode at E p = À0.86 Vv ersus SCE. In both cases, the formationo f[ SnCl 3 ] À requires an excess of free Cl À .I nc ompound 1,t he [SnCl 3 ] À ion is stabilized by Fc 1,2 -coordinated [SnCl] + ion lowering its reduction potential.…”

Layered SnS versus SnS2: Valence and Structural Implications on Electrochemistry and Clean Energy Electrocatalysis

“…65 It had also been suggested that the tetravalent species was unstable when complexing ions were absent, thereby inhibiting the oxidation of the divalent state. 65, 66 Zhang et al noted that anodic dissolution of Sn occurred at −0.395 V vs Ag/AgCl in 1 M HCl electrolyte. 18 In acidic conditions, a broad oxidative signal at ca.…”