Cyclic Voltammetric Determination of Free and Total Sulfite in Muscle Foods Using an Acetylferrocene–Carbon Black–Poly(vinyl butyral) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Abstract

A novel method for the selective extraction of free (pH 8.4) and total sulfite (pH 11.0) from muscle foods and the following determination by a voltammetric sensor was reported. The proposed method was based on the eletrocatalytic oxidation of sulfite at modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) fabricated by immobilizing 9 μg of acetylferrocene on the surface of GCE along with 35 μg of carbon black to improve the electron transfer within poly(vinyl butyral) membrane matrix. The external standard calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.03-4.0 mmol L(-1) with a detection limit of 15 μmol L(-1). This method had been applied to the determination of free and total sulfite in shrimp muscle fortified samples and compared with an ion chromatography method. The proposed electrode and analysis methods were proven to be sensitive, accurate, and rapid and exhibited very good reproducibility and stability under the used conditions.

Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Nanostructured Carbon Black: A Review

“…All these data help to prove the excellent electrochemical behavior of CB nanoparticles, making it an exciting alternative carbon nanomaterial for construction of electrochemical sensors and biosensors. Currently, the use of CB for sensing purposes involves the electrochemical determination of pharmaceutical [4,[34][35][36][38][39][40][41][42][43], environmental contaminants [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57], food additives [58][59][60][61], biomolecules [46,[62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71], and nicotine [12].…”

A Simple and Rapid Electrochemical Determination of L-Tryptophan Based on Functionalized Carbon Black/Poly-L-Histidine Nanocomposite

“…[18][19][20][21] In addition, the higher catalytic activity and good conducting properties of the CB was utilized in super capacitor and battery applications. 22 Significantly, CB has a suitable pore-size distribution, electronic conductivity, sufficiently high surface area, specific surface area, chemical and electrochemical stability. 23 Noteworthily, the incorporation of other conductive materials with CB can improve their properties such as sensitivity and electron transfer between the electroactive species and the electrode.…”

Establishing a method of HPLC involving precolumn derivatization by 2,2′‐dithiobis (5‐nitropyridine) to determine the sulfites in shrimps in comparison with ion chromatography

“…Moreover, the PD‐HPLC method had better recoveries rate than that of IC method. Moreover, the developed method has achieved an improvement in the sensitivity compared to the previous work, such as chemistry, electrochemistry, spectrophotometry, IC, and GC (Aberl & Coelhan, ; Soares et al, ; Wang & Xu, ; Zhong et al, ; Zuo & Chen, ). LODs (0.3 mg/L) obtained in this study were better than or comparable to those of the reported detection methods.…”

“…The method of separation of sulfites was based on the previous method (Wang & Xu, ) with slight modifications. The extraction solution was adjusted to pH 8.0 for free sulfite extraction and pH 12.0 for total sulfite extraction (Rita, Maria, & Eduardo, ), using 0.5 mol/L of sodium hydroxide, then extracted with the assistance of ultrasonic leaching for 15 min, and centrifuged (Bechman Allegra model) at 7104 g for 15 min at 4°C.…”

“…Irreversibly bound sulfites are hard to be detected by common analytical techniques, because of their extraordinary stable forms. A variety of methods have been used in the detection of sulfites in dried fruits and vegetables (Ni, Tang, Liu, Shen, & Mo, ), beverages (Theisen, Hansch, Kothe, Leist, & Galensa, ), wines (Aberl & Coelhan, ; Guarda et al, ), and aquatic products, including chemical titration (Daniels et al, ; Moinierwilliams, ), spectrophotometry (Filik, ), electrochemical methods (Wang & Xu, ), and ion chromatography (Zhong, Zhu, Luo, Huang, & Wu, ). However, almost all the methods have showed some disadvantages, including high cost, longtime processing (including the cumbersome sample preparation and subsequent analysis), poor environmental stability, or uncommon instruments.…”