“…All tests involved Ottawa F-65 sand (US Silica, Ottawa, Illinois) following previous investigations by Ziotopoulou et al (2018), Darby et al (2019), Carey et al (2020), Gomez (2020), El Ghoraiby et al (2020), and others. The sand had a D 10 of 0.13 mm, D 30 of 0.18 mm, D 50 of 0.21 mm, D 60 of 0.23 mm, no fines (Carey et al 2020), and a USCS classification of SP following ASTM D2487-17e1 (ASTM 2017).…”