Cybersecurity Issues in Implanted Medical Devices

Tabasum, Aliya; Safi, Zeineb; Al-Khater, Wadha Abdullah; Shikfa, Abdullatif

doi:10.1109/comapp.2018.8460454

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the health care sector, implantable medical devices (IMDs) suffer from security vulnerabilities that can cause harmful consequences to people's health if exploited. IMDs are electronic devices implanted inside the human body to treat or control disease [28]. Examples of IMDs devices include the following:  Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are devices implanted to monitor the heart rate of the patient [28].…”

Section: Futuristic In Cyber Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IMDs are electronic devices implanted inside the human body to treat or control disease [28]. Examples of IMDs devices include the following:  Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are devices implanted to monitor the heart rate of the patient [28].  Insulin pumps are devices implanted to deliver insulin regularly [28].…”

Section: Futuristic In Cyber Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of IMDs devices include the following:  Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are devices implanted to monitor the heart rate of the patient [28].  Insulin pumps are devices implanted to deliver insulin regularly [28].  Implantable nerve stimulators that are devices to treat chronic pain via sending electrical current in the human body [28].…”

Section: Futuristic In Cyber Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Insulin pumps are devices implanted to deliver insulin regularly [28].  Implantable nerve stimulators that are devices to treat chronic pain via sending electrical current in the human body [28]. Robots are also vulnerable to attacks; those targeted include industrial robots and elder care robots.…”

Section: Futuristic In Cyber Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Comprehensive Review of Cybercrime Detection Techniques

et al. 2020

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Cybercrimes describe cases of indictable offences and misdemeanours in which computer or any communication tools are involved as targets, commission instruments, incidental to, or that cases are associated with the prevalence of computer technology. Common forms of cybercrimes could be child pornography, cyberstalking, identity theft, cyber laundering, credit card theft, cyber terrorism, drug sale, data leakage, sexually explicit content, phishing and other cyber hacking. These kinds of cybercrimes are mostly leading to breaching users' privacy, security violation, business loss, financial fraud, or damage in public as well as government properties. Hence, this paper intensively reviews cybercrime detection and prevention methods. It first explores the different types of cybercrimes then discusses their threats against privacy and security in computer systems. It also describes the strategies that cybercriminals might utilize in committing these crimes against individuals, organizations, and societies. The paper then reviews the existing techniques of cybercrime detection and prevention. It objectively discusses the strengths and critically analyses the vulnerabilities of each technique. As a future study, the paper provides recommendations for the development of cybercrime detection model in which it is capable to effectively detect cybercrime in comparison to the existing techniques.

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Section: Futuristic In Cyber Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Futuristic In Cyber Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Futuristic In Cyber Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Futuristic In Cyber Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comprehensive Review of Cybercrime Detection Techniques

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, IMDs equipped with advanced computing and communication capabilities have several benefits for patients; however, these advanced IMDs also present numerous security and privacy threats. In some cases, IMDs can also result in fatalities; for example, intentionally tampering with an IMD can cause death [1,12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has also acknowledged that it is significantly more difficult to detect intentional attacks than accidental attacks [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Device Safety Management Using Cybersecurity Risk Analysis

2020

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Hospital biomedical engineering teams are responsible for establishing and regulating medical equipment management programs (MEMPs); these programs ensure the safety and reliability of medical devices. Concomitant with rapid technological advancements, medical devices have been developed that are now being integrated with information and communication technology. However, with the convergence of such diverse technologies, internal and external security threats are continuously increasing. Thus, to reduce medical device security threats, important devices must be identified and prioritized. In this study, we propose a multicriteria decision-making model that prioritizes medical devices by extending the Fennigkoh and Smith model to include security threats. First, we formulate criteria for evaluating medical device functions based on the classification of the medical devices according to their unique functions, connections, and data types. Then, through threat modeling, we develop a method of identifying and evaluating security threats to these devices. We discuss establishing a safer MEMP by analyzing the attack occurrence probability (AOP) and attack success probability (ASP) of medical devices and the inherent security threats that these devices face, none of which are considered in the existing model. Thus, by using the enhanced Fennigkoh and Smith model, our proposed approach enables the development of improved security-enhanced MEMPs, including cybersecurity risk assessments.

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Optical Wireless Data Transfer Through Biotissues: Practical Evidence and Initial Results

Ahmed

Bykov

Попов

et al. 2019

Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering

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Light has been used in many medical applications to monitor health status and diagnose diseases. Examples include optical sensing through nearinfrared (NIR) spectroscopy, optical coherence tomography, and pulse oximetry. In this article, we propose and demonstrate digital communications through biological tissues using near-infrared light. There are many possible uses to an optical system transmitting information across tissues. In current practices, implants predominantly use radio frequency (RF) radiation for communication. However, molecular biology restricts use of the RF in terms of power, frequency etc., while interference and security issues represent technological challenges in RF communication. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel way of employing NIR light for wireless transmission of data through biological tissues. A phantom mimicking a biological tissue is illuminated with a NIR 810 nm wavelength light-emitting diode (LED), and a light detector with line-of-sight alignment is placed on receiving end. An experimental testbed for Optical Communications through Biotissue (OCBT) was designed and implemented using mostly off-the-shelf components. Measurements for different levels of optical output power and thicknesses were carried out. Transmission rates as high as several tens of kilobits-per-second across several millimeters of tissues were achieved. Hardware limitations in modulating the baseband signal prevented achieving higher data rates. In addition, a high-resolution picture was successfully transmitted through biotissue. The communication system as well as details of the testbed implementations are presented in this paper. Moreover, initial performance measures as well as suggestions for potential use of this optical communication system are also presented and discussed.

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Cybersecurity Issues in Implanted Medical Devices

Cited by 27 publications

References 18 publications

Comprehensive Review of Cybercrime Detection Techniques

Comprehensive Review of Cybercrime Detection Techniques

Medical Device Safety Management Using Cybersecurity Risk Analysis

Optical Wireless Data Transfer Through Biotissues: Practical Evidence and Initial Results

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