Cyberpandemics: History, Inevitability, Response

Michael, B.; Voas, Jeffrey; Laplante, Phillip A.

doi:10.1109/msp.2009.4

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Information must also be protected from cyber threats that are increasing in number and sophistication. In the future, we will see more cyber threats that will directly attack industrial plants or a country’s or region’s critical infrastructures [17,18]. Hospitals are part of this critical infrastructure of a country; therefore, they must be protected from such information security breaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing and Comparing Information Security in Swiss Hospitals

Landolt¹,

Hirschel²,

Schlienger³

et al. 2012

Interact J Med Res

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BackgroundAvailability of information in hospitals is an important prerequisite for good service. Significant resources have been invested to improve the availability of information, but it is also vital that the security of this information can be guaranteed.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to assess information security in hospitals through a questionnaire based on the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard ISO/IEC 27002, evaluating Information technology – Security techniques – Code of practice for information-security management, with a special focus on the effect of the hospitals’ size and type.MethodsThe survey, set up as a cross-sectional study, was conducted in January 2011. The chief information officers (CIOs) of 112 hospitals in German-speaking Switzerland were invited to participate. The online questionnaire was designed to be fast and easy to complete to maximize participation. To group the analyzed controls of the ISO/IEC standard 27002 in a meaningful way, a factor analysis was performed. A linear score from 0 (not implemented) to 3 (fully implemented) was introduced. The scores of the hospitals were then analyzed for significant differences in any of the factors with respect to size and type of hospital. The participating hospitals were offered a benchmark report about their status.ResultsThe 51 participating hospitals had an average score of 51.1% (range 30.6% - 81.9%) out of a possible 100% where all items in the questionnaire were fully implemented. Room for improvement could be identified, especially for the factors covering “process and quality management” (average score 1.3 ± 0.8 out of a maximum of 3) and “organization and risk management” (average score 1.3 ± 0.7 out of a maximum of 3). Private hospitals scored significantly higher than university hospitals in the implementation of “security zones” and “backup” (P = .008).ConclusionsHalf (50.00%, 8588/17,177) of all assessed hospital beds in German-speaking Switzerland are in hospitals that have a score of 49% or less of the maximum possible score in information security. Patient data need to be better protected because of the data protection laws and because sensitive, personal data should be guaranteed confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing and Comparing Information Security in Swiss Hospitals

Landolt¹,

Hirschel²,

Schlienger³

et al. 2012

Interact J Med Res

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show abstract

“…3,22 Recently, the matrix has served as a platform from which to research bioterrorism risk, 23 preparedness and response to terrorism, 24,25 radicalism, 26 and cyber-attacks. 27 exist in rigorous, metrics-driven evaluation of critical infrastructure using the matrix. A 2002 study by the National Research Council concluded that better protection of critical infrastructure would make the nation safer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying the Haddon Matrix to Hospital Earthquake Preparedness and Response

Cole

Rosenblum

Boston

et al. 2020

Disaster med. public health prep.

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Since its 1960s origins, the Haddon matrix has served as a tool to understand and prevent diverse mechanisms of injuries and promote safety. Potential remains for broadened application and innovation of the matrix for disaster preparedness. Hospital functionality and efficiency are particularly important components of community vulnerability in developed and developing nations alike. Given the Haddon matrixʼs user-friendly approach to integrating current engineering concepts, behavioral sciences, and policy dimensions, we seek to apply it in the context of hospital earthquake preparedness and response. The matrixʼs framework lends itself to interdisciplinary planning and collaboration between social and physical sciences, paving the way for a systems-oriented reduction in vulnerabilities. Here, using an associative approach to integrate seemingly disparate social and physical science disciplines yields innovative insights about hospital disaster preparedness for earthquakes. We illustrate detailed examples of pre-event, event, and post-event engineering, behavioral science, and policy factors that hospital planners should evaluate given the complex nature, rapid onset, and broad variation in impact and outcomes of earthquakes. This novel contextual examination of the Haddon matrix can enhance critical infrastructure disaster preparedness across the epidemiologic triad, by integrating essential principles of behavioral sciences, policy, law, and engineering to earthquake preparedness.

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Future Visions on Real‐Time Systems

Laplante

Ovaska²

2011

Real‐Time Systems Design and Analysis

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Cyberpandemics: History, Inevitability, Response

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Assessing and Comparing Information Security in Swiss Hospitals

Assessing and Comparing Information Security in Swiss Hospitals

Applying the Haddon Matrix to Hospital Earthquake Preparedness and Response

Future Visions on Real‐Time Systems

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