Cyberbullying in the United States

When Kids Hurt Other Kids: Bullying in Philippine Schools

“…Though other countries such as Australia (Cross et al, 2012), Japan (Aoyama et al, 2012), the US (Bauman, 2012), and South Korea (Tippett & Kawk, 2012) showed double figures in cyberbullying rate, respondents in this study identified such form of peer abuse as the least common they experienced as bullies and victims as shown by a barely seven per cent prevalence rate. This difference could be due to age of respondents and access to electronics and the Internet.…”

“…However, in a research conducted by Fleming and Jacobsen (2009) involving 19 low and middle income countries in which Philippines was included, prevalence rate in the country was only 37.1%, or a lot closer to that found by Rudatsikira et al (2008). As to cyberbullying, Australia showed to have a high number of incidence rate in the youngsters' lifetime at 27% (Cross et al, 2012), Japan at 18% (Aoyama, Utsumi, & Hasegawa, 2012), the US at 17% Psychology (Bauman, 2012), and South Korea at 12% (Tippett & Kawk, 2012). Respondents for these studies ranged from grade 5 to 11.…”

Cyberbullying

“…Some studies found that males tend to be more involved in cyberbullying, whereas females tend to be cyberbullied (Aricak et al, 2008;Li, 2007;Slonje & Smith, 2008), some studies showed the reverse (Bauman, 2012;Kowalski & Limber, 2007), and some others indicated no difference (Ortega, Calmaestra, & Mora-Merchán, 2007;Smith et al, 2008;Wolak, Mitchell, & Finkelhor, 2007). As in the case of age, research on the relation of gender to cyberbullying shows inconsistent results, and none of the studies compared all three groups in terms of gender.…”

“…As in the case of age, research on the relation of gender to cyberbullying shows inconsistent results, and none of the studies compared all three groups in terms of gender. Some studies found that males tend to be more involved in cyberbullying, whereas females tend to be cyberbullied (Aricak et al, 2008; Li, 2007; Slonje & Smith, 2008), some studies showed the reverse (Bauman, 2012; Kowalski & Limber, 2007), and some others indicated no difference (Ortega, Calmaestra, & Mora-Merchán, 2007; Smith et al, 2008; Wolak, Mitchell, & Finkelhor, 2007). Lastly, in a meta-synthesis by Tokunaga (2010), both males and females were found to be equally vulnerable to cyberbullying.…”

Ηλεκτρονικός Εκφοβισμός

“…Αληίζεηα ζε άιιεο έξεπλεο δηαπηζηψζεθε φηη ηα θνξίηζηα κπνξεί λα είλαη εμίζνπ κε ηα αγφξηα δξάζηεο (Gradinger, Strohmeier, & Spiel, 2012), λα εκπιέθνληαη πεξηζζφηεξν θαη ζηνπο ηξεηο ξφινπο (Bauman, 2012), φπσο ηα θνξίηζηα είλαη πην πηζαλφ απφ ηα αγφξηα λα έρνπλ ξφιν ζχηε-ζχκαηνο ζε πεξηζηαηηθά ειεθηξνληθνχ εθθνβηζκνχ (Beckman et al, 2013. Livingstone et al, 2011.…”