Cyberbullying in Adolescents from Ecuador and Spain: Prevalence and Differences in Gender, School Year and Ethnic-Cultural Background

Abstract

The aim of this study is to discover the prevalence of cyberbullying among adolescents from Ecuador and Spain, and identify any differences by gender, school year, and ethnic-cultural background. A culturally-diverse group of 33,303 adolescents took part in the study (Ecuador = 10,918; Spain = 22,385). Our results show that in Ecuador, one in four, and in Spain, one in five teenagers were involved in cyberbullying. In both countries, teenagers in the higher school years were more commonly involved. Significant differences in gender and role of involvement were detected in both countries. In Ecuador, no differences were noted between the different ethnic-cultural groups as regards to the roles of involvement in cyberbullying. However, in Spain, these differences do exist. In this paper, these findings are discussed, and proposals for how to prevent cyberbullying are given.

Prevalence and psychosocial predictors of cyberaggression and cybervictimization in adolescents: A Spain-Ecuador transcultural study on cyberbullying

“…In this country, Pieschl, Kuhlmann, & Porsch [31] observed that 55% adolescents recognized themselves as cybervictims while 52% were cyberaggressors. This study shows that the levels of cyberbullying in Ecuador are higher than in Spain but, as pointed out in other works, the dynamics of the phenomenon is similar [32].…”

“…For this reason, this transnational study focuses on these two countries. However, the study, based on the results obtained, has provided: a) general proposals for the prevention of cyberbullying; and b) country-specific prevention proposals, which can increase their effectiveness in each context [ 32 ]. For this reason, a transnational study has been developed with school-going adolescents in Spain and Ecuador regarding the following objectives:…”

Against Cyberbullying Actions: An Italian Case Study

“…The girls appeared to be more targeted than the boys and, at the same time, seemed to be more directly involved as active perpetrators. On the contrary, in some other studies such as Calmaestra et al [26], boys were more often involved in cyberbullying than girls. Thus, our results emphasise the presence of possible gender differences in the forms of victimisation.…”

Ciberacoso Y Recursos Personales en Adolescentes: Las Competencias Emocionales Y La Gratitud Como Factores De Protección Ante Las Conductas De Ciberagresión

“…Camerini et al (2020) han revisado 27 estudios longitudinales encontrando que la presencia de ciberacoso oscila desde un 5,3% hasta un 66,2% entre los estudios analizados, dependiendo de los instrumentos de medida que se han utilizado y el periodo de tiempo considerado. En España, una investigación realizada recientemente señala que uno de cada cinco adolescentes entre 11 y 18 años está involucrado en ciberacoso (Calmaestra et al, 2020).…”