Cyanuric Acid and Melamine on Au(111): Structure and Energetics of Hydrogen‐Bonded Networks

Xu, Wei; Dong, Mingdong; Gersen, Henkjan; Rauls, E.; Vázquez‐Campos, Socorro; Crego‐Calama, Mercedes; Reinhoudt, David N.; Stensgaard, I.; Lægsgaard, Erik; Linderoth, Trolle R.; Besenbacher, Flemming

doi:10.1002/smll.200600407

Cited by 118 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Novel cyanuric acid/melamine networks formed on Au (111) in UHV were demonstrated [74] and imaged with submolecular resolution. Both CA and M, when deposited individually, form large islands on gold that are stable up to 300 K. The two molecules are clearly distinguished in the STM images in Fig.…”

Section: Bi-component Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The self-assembly of the oligomer leading to the template was previously reported [77]. The stability of the template is based on the balance between corresponding optimized models of the structures in a, c and e. Adapted with permission from [74]. © (2007) Wiley two intervening factors: (i) hydrogen bonding between head-to-head carboxyl groups, enabled by the linear packing mode of the conjugated backbones in the assembling monolayer; and (ii) the space-filling properties of alkoxyl chains and planar conjugated backbones that minimize the free space per unit area within the monolayer, thus resulting in a maximum of the intermolecular and molecule-graphite interactions.…”

Section: Bi-component Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-Dimensional Nanotemplates as Surface Cues for the Controlled Assembly of Organic Molecules

Cicoira

Santato

Rosei

2008

Topics in Current Chemistry

108

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Section: Bi-component Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bi-component Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Nanotemplates as Surface Cues for the Controlled Assembly of Organic Molecules

Cicoira

Santato

Rosei

2008

Topics in Current Chemistry

108

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“…1(a) and 1(b). The high (1 ML) coverage image (b) reveals the molecules forming a hexagonal lattice with dark spots in the center of most hexagons composed of six molecules, the latter appearing in the images as triangular protrusions [20][21][22][23][24]. Only few bright spots in Melamine hexagons are visible (indicated by arrows).…”

Section: Prl 108 176103 (2012) P H Y S I C a L R E V I E W L E T T Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We illustrate this mechanism on a prototype system of the hexagonal network of Melamine molecules, Figs. 1(a)-1(d), on the Au(111) surface [20][21][22][23][24] which may trap individual gold atoms. Our study is mainly theoretical, but the results are supported by experimental STM images.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation Mechanism for a Hybrid Supramolecular Network Involving Cooperative Interactions

et al. 2012

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A novel mechanism of hybrid assembly of molecules on surfaces is proposed stemming from interactions between molecules and on-surface metal atoms which eventually got trapped inside the network pores. Based on state-of-the-art theoretical calculations, we find that the new mechanism relies on formation of molecule-metal atom pairs which, together with molecules themselves, participate in the assembly growth. Most remarkably, the dissociation of pairs is facilitated by a cooperative interaction involving many molecules. This new mechanism is illustrated on a low coverage Melamine hexagonal network on the Au(111) surface where multiple events of gold atoms trapping via a set of so-called ''gate'' transitions are found by kinetic Monte Carlo simulations based on transition rates obtained using ab initio density functional theory calculations and the nudged elastic band method. Simulated STM images of gold atoms trapped in the pores of the Melamine network predict that the atoms should appear as bright spots inside Melamine hexagons. No trapping was found at large Melamine coverages, however. These predictions have been supported by preliminary STM experiments which show bright spots inside Melamine hexagons at low Melamine coverages, while empty pores are mostly observed at large coverages. Therefore, we suggest that bright spots sometimes observed in the pores of molecular assemblies on metal surfaces may be attributed to trapped substrate metal atoms. We believe that this type of mechanism could be used for delivering adatom species of desired functionality (e.g., magnetic) into the pores of hydrogen-bonded networks serving as templates for their capture. Recent STM studies of hydrogen-bonded molecular assemblies on crystal surfaces have resulted in significant progress in our ability to create and modify these selforganized networks [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The motivation for much of this research is the premise that control of the porous network structure can be achieved by modifying the component molecules which may result in changes to the size and shapes of the pores [4,11]. The pores can be used as a template to host foreign species of required functionality [12]. However, this template approach has intrinsic limitations due to the strict requirements concerning the relative sizes of the pores and guest species. Violation of these requirements may result in defects, such as more than one functional unit per pore, which might compromise the performance of the network. For this reason it is extremely important to develop alternative kinetic pathways, which ensure defect-free fabrication of functional surface networks.In this Letter we describe such a kinetic pathway based on the co-assembly of a network constructed from an organic molecule and an atomic species. We show that there are two key factors in this process that ensure delivery of no more than one atom per pore. First, atomic-molecular dimers need to be formed to take part in the network formation. Second, there is a requirement of a specific...

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Surface‐Supported Nanostructures Directed by Atomic‐ and Molecular‐Level Templates

2010

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The sections in this article are Introduction Atomic‐ and Molecular‐Level Templates on Surfaces Surface Reconstructions and Reconstruction‐Related Patterns Si(111)‐7 × 7 Au(111)‐22 × √3 and the Herringbone Pattern Cu(110)‐(2 × 1) O and the Stripe Pattern Strain‐Relief Epitaxial Layers Boron Nitride Nanomesh Ag / Pt (111) Vicinal Surfaces Vicinal Au (111) Surfaces Surface‐Supported Organic Supramolecular Assemblies Preparation Techniques 0‐ D and 1‐ D Nanostructures 2‐ D Molecular Patterns Porous Networks Surface‐Supported Nanostructures Directed by Atomic‐Level Inorganic Templates Reconstruction Strain‐Relief Epitaxial Layers Vicinal Surfaces Surface‐Supported Nanostructures Directed by Supramolecular Assemblies Polymerization Polymerization of Diacetylenes Polymerization by Electrochemical Methods Polymerization by Thermal Activation Host–Guest Systems Molecular Template with Porous Networks SAMs of Functional Molecules Two‐Dimensional Chiral Template Summary and Outlook

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Cyanuric Acid and Melamine on Au(111): Structure and Energetics of Hydrogen‐Bonded Networks

Cited by 118 publications

References 32 publications

Two-Dimensional Nanotemplates as Surface Cues for the Controlled Assembly of Organic Molecules

Two-Dimensional Nanotemplates as Surface Cues for the Controlled Assembly of Organic Molecules

Formation Mechanism for a Hybrid Supramolecular Network Involving Cooperative Interactions

Surface‐Supported Nanostructures Directed by Atomic‐ and Molecular‐Level Templates

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