Cyanide formation from glycine by nonproliferating cells of Chromobacterium violaceum

Michaels, Ruth; Hankes, L. V.; Corpe, William A.

doi:10.1016/0003-9861(65)90329-2

Cited by 50 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…On complex medium, vigorous cyanide evolution occurred during the late-exponential phase of growth (see Michaels & Corpe, 1965)~ the concentration reaching a maximum of about 1.8 mM at the start of the stationary phase (Fig. I).…”

Section: Growth and Cyanide Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Respiratory System of Chromobacterium violaceum Grown under Conditions of High and Low Cyanide Evolution

Niven¹,

Collins²,

Knowles³

1975

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYThe particulate fraction of disrupted Chromobacterium violaceum grown under cyanide-evolving conditions was unable to oxidize ascorbate plus N, N, ","-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD), but oxidized NADH and succinate by a linear respiratory pathway which was very resistant to inhibition by cyanide. When the bacteria were grown under conditions where little cyanide evolution occurred, particulate fractions developed the ability to oxidize ascorbate-TMPD by a pathway highly sensitive to cyanide inhibition; respiratory activity with NADH and succinate proceeded via both the cyanide-sensitive and -resistant pathways. Studies with respiratory inhibitors, and the cytochrome compositions of the fractions derived from cultures grown under both conditions, are presented. A soluble, carbon monoxide-binding cytochrome c was found, and this appears similar to those found recently in Beneckea natriegens, methylotrophic bacteria and the marine pseudomonad B16.

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Section: Growth and Cyanide Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Respiratory System of Chromobacterium violaceum Grown under Conditions of High and Low Cyanide Evolution

Niven¹,

Collins²,

Knowles³

1975

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Experiments involving addition of glycine and methionine to cultures of C. violaceurn several hours before measuring the ability to form cyanide from glycine have shown that glycine and methionine act as inducers of cyanogenesis (Michaels & Corpe, 1965;Michaels et al, 1965), in addition to glycine being a precursor of cyanide. We have found that when chloramphenicol is added before the onset of cyanogenesis, to cultures growing in the presence of glycine and methionine, cyanide production is inhibited.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanide Production and Degradation During Growth of Chromobacterium violaceum

Rodgers

Knowles

1978

Journal of General Microbiology

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1Cyanogenesis by growing cultures of Chromobacterium violaceurn was stimulated by the inclusion of glycine and methionine in the growth medium. Increases in the ferrous ion and phosphate concentrations of the growth medium stimulated cyanide production. Chromobacterium violaceum possesses a number of cyanide-utilizing enzymes: P-cyanoalanine synthase, y-cyano-a-aminobutyric acid synthase and rhodanese. Studies on the activities of these enzymes in cell-free extracts of cultures growing under both high and low cyanide-evolving conditions are presented. Addition of chloramphenicol to high and low cyanide-evolving cultures towards the end of exponential growth had a profound effect on the medium cyanide concentrations. These observations are shown to have been caused by chloramphenicol blocking the induction of the cyanide-utilizing enzymes.

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“…In contrast, in P. aeruginosa both the C-1 and C-2 carbon atoms of glycine can be incorporated into cyanide (Castric, 1977). The mechanism by which methionine stimulates bacterial cyanogenesis is not clear, although it is known not to function as a precursor of cyanide (Michaels et al, 1965).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both bacteria and the snow mould basidiomycete cyanide production exhibits many of the typical properties of secondary metabolite synthesis (Castric, 1975;Rodgers & Knowles, 1978;Bunch & Knowles, 1980). In C. violaceum and the snow mould fungus the carbon and nitrogen atoms of cyanide originate from the methylene group and the amino group of glycine, respectively, whereas the carboxyl group of the amino acid is lost as CO, (Michaels et al, 1965;Ward & Thorn, 1966;Ward et al, 1977). In contrast, in P. aeruginosa both the C-1 and C-2 carbon atoms of glycine can be incorporated into cyanide (Castric, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cyanide production by Chromobacterium violaceum, a Pseudomonas species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is stimulated by addition of glycine and L-methionine to the growth medium (Michaels & Corpe, 1965 ;Wissing, 1968 ;Castric, 1977 ;Rodgers & Knowles, 1978). In the snow mould fungus glycine stimulates cyanogenesis but L-methionine has little effect (Ward & Thorn, 1966;Bunch & Knowles, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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