CXCL10 and IL-6 induce chemotaxis in human trophoblast cell lines

Abstract

The investigation of trophoblast chemoattractive molecules in humans is of high interest for the reproductive field. Current evidence in ruminants demonstrates that CXCL10, formerly the interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), is a potent chemotactic molecule implicated in the migration of trophoblast cells during early gestation. The aim of this work was to explore the existence of CXCL10/CXCR3 in the human model. Furthermore, chemotaxis assays were performed to demonstrate CXCL10 chemotactic activity in the human trophoblast cell lines JEG-3 and AC-1M88. Surprisingly, the conditioned media from epithelial endometrial cells (EEC) induced the highest trophoblast migration rate. Cytokine and chemokine membrane protein arrays were used to identify the secreted protein profile of EEC-conditioned media, and IL-6 was found to be the most abundant and CXCL13 the second most abundant molecule. Using a chemotaxis assay on AC-IM88, IL-6 antibody blocked the effect of EEC, indicating IL-6 to be an effective chemoattractive factor for trophoblast cells in the human model.

Knockdown of Cxcl10 Inhibits Mesangial Cell Proliferation in Murine Habu Nephritis Via ERK Signaling

“…As the name implies, this chemokine can be secreted in response to interferon gamma (IFN-γ) induction by a wide variety of cell types, such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, monocytes, and T lymphocytes, but secretion can also be induced by lipopolysaccharide and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon alpha (IFN-α), interferon beta (IFN-β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), depending on the cell type [9, 24-27]. CXCL10 has a wide spectrum of biological and physiological activities, including chemotaxis [28, 29], induction of apoptosis [30], regulation of cell growth and mediation of angiostatic effects [12, 31, 32]. Several studies have demonstrated that CXCL10 is involved in human glomerulopathy, including mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN), rapidly progressive GN, membranoproliferative GN, lupus nephritis, and nephrotoxic nephritis [14, 33-35].…”

Biopsy-induced inflammatory conditions improve endometrial receptivity: the mechanism of action

“…Previous studies demonstrated that some of these cytokines are directly involved in implantation. For instance, IL6 and CCL4 were found as the effective chemoattractants for trophoblast cells in human and IP10 has been shown to take part in the regulation of blastocyst migration, apposition and initial adhesion (Hannan et al 2006, Dominguez et al 2008, Sela et al 2013. High levels of CCL4 and IP10 were positively associated with elevated rates of implantation in IVF patients (Boomsma et al 2009.…”

Aberrant expression of selectin E, CXCL1, and CXCL13 in chronic endometritis

“…23 Overall, endometrial CXCL13 expression level is upregulated in the women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, which is an effective method for growth and ovulation of multiple oocytes but not for successful embryo implantation. 30 We found that CXCL13 is expressed in the epithelium both in the endometrium with and without chronic endometritis, but its expression in the microvascular endothelium is limited to chronic endometritis.…”

“…[13][14][15] In the nonpathological endometrium, MAdCAM-1, VCAM-1, CCL-2, -19, -21 and CXCL-8, and -13 are expressed throughout the menstrual cycle or temporally during the secretory phase, whereas selectin E, and CXCL12 are not detectable in any phase in the cycle. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] The presence of these adhesion molecules and chemokines in the endometrium with chronic endometritis, however, remains undetermined. In this study, we investigated the expression, localization, and potential induction signals of these molecules in chronic endometritis.…”