CXC chemokine receptor CXCR4 expression enhances tumorigenesis and angiogenesis of basal cell carcinoma

Abstract

CXCR4 expression may play a critical role in tumour progression and angiogenesis of certain subtypes of BCC with more aggressive nature, and functional blockade of CXCR4 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for these tumours.

CXCL12-CXCR4 Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer Cells

“…The proliferation rate and growth patterns of tumors have significant impacts on disease development and prognosis of the patients; indeed, the proliferation rate of tumor cells can indirectly reflect the tumor malignancy (Ravi et al, 1998). Proliferation of malignant cells can be affected by changes in many different proteins, but evidence indicates that the CXCL12-CXCR4 biological axis is important to this process (Chen et al, 2006;Li et al, 2008). We found that, in fact, the proliferation rate of pancreatic cancer cells was significantly increased in the presence of exogenous CXCL12.…”

CXCR4 antagonists: targeting the microenvironment in leukemia and other cancers

“…47,93,94 Furthermore, anti-human CXCR4 or CXCL12 antibodies also significantly impair metastasis and progression of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, breast, lung and prostate tumors in animal models. [95][96][97][98] The unique properties of monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies, including their high affinity and specificity, and the differential expression of target antigen in tumor cells versus normal cells make them attractive agents for cancer immunotherapy. Development of therapeutic mAbs to CXCR4 is challenging due to the fact that CXCR4 can exhibit conformational heterogeneity.…”

Modulatory effects of heparin and short-length oligosaccharides of heparin on the metastasis and growth of LMD MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells in vivo

“…There is increasing evidence that cancer cells express both chemokines and their receptors allowing both autocrine and paracrine responses, leading to migration, enhanced proliferation and cell survival (Azenshtein et al, 2002;Chen et al, 2006;Zlotnik, 2006). Indeed, metastatic breast cancer cells have been shown to express high levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 (Moore, 2001).…”

“…Chemokines signal through G-protein-coupled receptors on cells inducing cytoskeletal rearrangement, firm adhesion to endothelial cells and directional migration (Zlotnik and Yoshie, 2000). These secreted proteins act in a co-ordinated fashion with cell-surface proteins, including integrins, to direct specific homing of various subsets of haematopoietic cells to specific anatomical sites (Moser et al, 2004).There is increasing evidence that cancer cells express both chemokines and their receptors allowing both autocrine and paracrine responses, leading to migration, enhanced proliferation and cell survival (Azenshtein et al, 2002;Chen et al, 2006;Zlotnik, 2006). Indeed, metastatic breast cancer cells have been shown to express high levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 (Moore, 2001).…”