Cutis verticis gyrata in adult male institutionalized population in colombia. Case series.

Abstract

To describe Cutis Verticis gyrate (CVG) in cases found in an institutionalized people facility in Colombia. Case series with 65 male adult in-patients, describing socio-demographic and clinical variables. Prevalence of 5.9 % was higher than expected in the general population (1:100.000 in males). Mean age: 38.5 years, most illiterate (98.46%). The most frequent diagnosis was profound mental retardation in 59 (90.77 %) cases, with high multi-axis comorbidity. Folds range from 1 to 16. Age of onset and type of CVG couldn't be established.
 This is the largest case series reported from a single institution. There is need of further study to determine type, origin, and evolution of the sign.

Inmate carrier of cutis verticis gyrata

“…The most frequent diagnoses was behavioural disorder (46% of cases), followed by impulse control disorder and schizophrenia (percentages not shown). If this study is analysed in greater depth, it can be seen that the information is confused and does allow any conclusions to be drawn other than the confirmation that most of the cases of CVG could be related to severe neuro-psychiatric conditions 8 . The fact that there are many more male inmates in prison, along with the fact that the neuro-psychiatric disorder is also much more prevalent, highlights the potential interest that this rare problem has in such a setting.…”

“…An increased incidence of convulsions and eye defects in carriers of CVG was also reported 9,10 . More recently, Hernández et al published a study showing that the prevalence of CVG in a male psychiatric institution in Colombia is 5.9% (65 cases out of 1,100 institutionalised) 8 . The most frequent diagnoses was behavioural disorder (46% of cases), followed by impulse control disorder and schizophrenia (percentages not shown).…”

“…To categorise the CVG for prognostic and therapeutic purposes, the following additional diagnostic tests and consultations were programmed, based on the recommendations of other authors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]…”

“…The extent, shape and thickness may vary and it appears in the parietal and occipital areas of the scalp. The skin and subcutaneous tissue of the cranium thicken and copy the shape of the brain surface, which is why it has received other names, now no longer used, such as pachydermie vorticellee, cerebriform deformity, cutis sulcata, bulldog scalp or cutis capitis strata [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] .…”

“…In such essential cases, no malignant disruption has been reported, and the only problem may be an aesthetic one. The cases of CVG primary non essential are much more frequent and are the ones associated with neurological and ophthalmologic conditions, especially severe mental retardation, intracranial brain disorders, convulsions, cerebral palsy, strabismus, cataracts or blindness 1,3,8 . Finally, the cases of CVG secondary (occasionally reversible) have not been very well clarified and have become a "catch all", where there is confusion between associations and different causes (pachydermoperiostosis, cerebriform intradermal nevus, liver disorders, hamartomas, neurofibromas, dermatosis of the scalp, psoriasis, tumours, hypergammaglobulinemia inmunoglobulina E (IgE), endocrine disruption, syphilis, acromegalia, amiloidosis, cretinism, diabetes mellitus, fragile X chromosome syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Graves' disease, Turner's syndrome and a wide range of chromosome disorders [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] .…”