Cuticular hydrocarbons of the flea beetles, Aphthona lacertosa and Aphthona nigriscutis, biocontrol agents for leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula)

Nelson, Dennis R.; Olson, Denise L.; Fatland, Charlotte L.

doi:10.1016/s1096-4959(02)00161-6

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The CHC profile of this species is a complex mixture of straight-chained and methyl-branched saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons with a wide range of carbon backbones (C19 -C45). The high percentage of 2-methyl alkanes seems to be typical for chrysomelids, representing major compounds in the CHC profiles of nearly all leaf beetle species investigated (Dubis et al 1987;Nikolova et al 1999;Nelson et al 2002Nelson and Charlet 2003;Peterson et al 2007;Geiselhardt et al 2009). The large quantities of methyl-branched alkenes in P. cochleariae is striking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Cuticular Hydrocarbons in Male Mating Behavior of the Mustard Leaf Beetle, Phaedon cochleariae (F.)

2009

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We investigated the role that cuticular hydrocarbons (CHC) play in sexual communication by the mustard leaf beetle, Phaedon cochleariae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). In laboratory bioassays, male P. cochleariae attempted to copulate with living or freeze-killed females as often as with males. However, the duration of copulation with females was longer than with males. To elucidate the impact of CHC on this behavior, cuticular compounds of adults of both sexes were extracted with dichloromethane. Male mating attempts with glass beads treated with the dichloromethane extract were nearly as frequent as with living beetles. The dichloromethane extract was fractionated by silica gel chromatography, and the biological activity of the fractions was tested by applying them to glass beads. A non-polar hexane fraction significantly elicited mating behavior, whereas the polar methanol fraction did not, likely because it contained defensive compounds from exocrine glands located in the elytra and pronota. Interestingly, a mixture of both the non-polar and polar fraction tended to elicit more mating attempts than did the non-polar hexane fraction alone. Further fractionation of the significantly active hexane fraction by silver nitrate column chromatography revealed that saturated CHC elicited mating behavior, but the olefins did not. GC-MS analyses of dichloromethane cuticular extracts showed that the male and female CHC profiles were qualitatively identical, but differed in their relative composition. Canonical discriminant analysis showed that CHC profiles of males and females formed separate clusters. Nevertheless, the results of our bioassays demonstrated that male and female CHC did not elicit sex discriminative male behavior, but induced mating by males regardless of the sex of the partner.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Cuticular Hydrocarbons in Male Mating Behavior of the Mustard Leaf Beetle, Phaedon cochleariae (F.)

2009

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“…Only three n-alkanes (C 27 , C 28 and C 29 ) were identified in the cuticular lipids of adult Blatella germanica (Augustynowicz et al ., 1987). However, twelve compounds from C 21 to C 35 were found in adults of Aphthona lacertosa and A. nigriscutis (Nelson et al ., 2002). The presence of a large number of these compounds may be explained by the diet of the insect (Nikolova et al ., 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cuticular and internal n-alkane composition ofLucilia sericatalarvae, pupae, male and female imagines: application of HPLC-LLSD and GC/MS-SIM

Gołębiowski

Paszkiewicz

Grubba

et al. 2012

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The composition of cuticular and internal n-alkanes in Lucilia sericata larvae, pupae, and male and female imagines were studied. The cuticular and internal lipid extracts were separated by HPLC-LLSD, after which the hydrocarbon fraction was identified by GC/MS in selected ion monitoring (SIM) and total ion current (TIC) modes. The cuticular lipids of the larvae contained seven n-alkanes from C23 to C31. The major n-alkane in L. sericata larvae was C29 (42.1%). The total cuticular n-alkane content in the cuticular lipids was 31.46 μg g-1 of the insect body. The internal lipids of L. sericata larvae contained five n-alkanes ranged from C25 to C31. The most abundant compound was C27 (61.71 μg g-1 of the insect body). Eighteen n-alkanes from C14 to C31 were identified in the cuticular lipids of the pupae. The most abundant n-alkanes ranged from C25 to C31; those with odd-numbered carbon chains were particularly abundant, the major one being C29:0 (59.5%). Traces of eight cuticular n-alkanes were present. The internal lipids of L. sericata pupae contained five n-alkanes, ranging from C25 to C31. The cuticular lipids of female imagines contained 17 n-alkanes from C12 to C30. Among the cuticular n-alkanes of females, C27 (47.5%) was the most abundant compound. Four n-alkanes, with only odd-numbered carbon chains, were identified in the internal lipids of females. The lipids from both sexes of L. sericata had similar n-alkane profiles. The cuticular lipids of adult males contained 16 n-alkanes ranging from C13 to C31. C27 (47.9%) was the most abundant cuticular n-alkanes in males. The same n-alkanes only with odd-numbered carbon chains and in smaller quantities of C27 (0.1%) were also identified in the internal lipids of males. The highest amounts of total cuticular n-alkanes were detected in males and females of L. sericata (330.4 and 158.93 μg g-1 of the insect body, respectively). The quantities of total cuticular alcohols in larvae and pupae were smaller (31.46 μg g-1 and 42.08 μg g-1, respectively). The internal n-alkane contents of larvae, pupae, and male and female imagines were significantly higher than the cuticular n-alkane contents (153.53, 99.60, 360.06 and 838.76 μg g-1 of the insect body, respectively).

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“…The total lipid samples were analyzed by injecting a 1 ul aliquot into a HP (Hewlett Packard = Agilent Technologies, Wilmington, DE, USA) 5890 capillary gas chromatograph with a pressure programmable cool on-column injection port (Nelson et al, 2002) and He carrier gas. The column consisted of a 1-m retention gap connected to a DB-1MS (Agilent Technologies) 12.5-m × 0.2-mm capillary column coupled to a HP 5970B quadrupole mass selective detector.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of the Waxy Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whitefly wax as a cue for phoresy in the broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Acari: Tarsonemidae)

et al. 2003

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Broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Acari: Tarsonemidae) exhibits a specific phoretic relationship with whiteflies. Under field conditions most broad mites, caught in sticky traps, are attached to whiteflies. Under laboratory conditions, attachment occurs equally well in the dark and light. Mites do not differentiate between the sexes of their phoretic host Bemisia tabaci. However, mite attachment to B. tabaci is greatly diminished by washing the host with various organic solvents, chloroform in particular. The effect of whitefly waxy particles on broad mite behavior was studied using wax from the whitefly Aleyrodes singularis and from the mealybug Planococcus citri. Broad mites were not only attracted specifically to the A. singularis waxy particles-treated leaf areas but were also attached to leaf trichomes in this area. The results of this study suggests the importance of olfactory cues from the whitefly waxy particles in the recognition process of the phoretic host and/or the induction of the attachment behavior to whitefly legs or leaf trichomes.

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Cuticular hydrocarbons of the flea beetles, Aphthona lacertosa and Aphthona nigriscutis, biocontrol agents for leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula)

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

The Role of Cuticular Hydrocarbons in Male Mating Behavior of the Mustard Leaf Beetle, Phaedon cochleariae (F.)

The Role of Cuticular Hydrocarbons in Male Mating Behavior of the Mustard Leaf Beetle, Phaedon cochleariae (F.)

Cuticular and internal n-alkane composition ofLucilia sericatalarvae, pupae, male and female imagines: application of HPLC-LLSD and GC/MS-SIM

Whitefly wax as a cue for phoresy in the broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Acari: Tarsonemidae)

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